| 江苏省镇江市麦田杂草发生情况调查 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱友理,吴小美,何东兵.江苏省镇江市麦田杂草发生情况调查[J].杂草科学,2016(3):17-21. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱友理 吴小美 何东兵 |
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| 作者单位： | 江苏省镇江市植保植检站,江苏镇江,212009 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了摸清江苏省镇江市麦田杂草种类、分布状况、出草规律、草相变化、防除情况等,通过倒"W"形九点取样法对镇江市麦田杂草进行了调查。调查结果显示镇江市麦田杂草有29科99种,日本看麦娘、菵草、猪殃殃、看麦娘、稻槎菜、硬草、繁缕、大巢菜、荠菜、涩荠、野老鹳草、牛繁缕、早熟禾为该地区主要危害性杂草,其中菵草、日本看麦娘、猪殃殃为麦田杂草群落优势种。不同地形区域杂草种类和优势种不同。镇江市麦田杂草由20世纪90年代初以看麦娘、日本看麦娘和猪殃殃等为主演变为以菵草、日本看麦娘、猪殃殃为主,稻槎菜、硬草、繁缕等发生较重。出草高峰集中在小麦播后15 d左右,具体到镇江来说11月底至12月上旬为杂草发生高峰期。针对镇江本地杂草发生情况,制定了以土壤封闭和茎叶处理相结合的防控技术方案。
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| 关 键 词： | 镇江市 麦田 杂草种类 草相变化 防控技术 |
Preliminary Report on Weeds Infesting Wheat Fields of Zhenjiang City,Jiangsu Province |
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| Abstract: | The species,distribution,germination,characteristics,and control status of weeds in wheat fields in Zhenjiang City of Jiangsu Province were investigated by sampling nine plots according to an inverted W-pattern. Weeds in Zhenjiang city belonged to 99 species of 29 families. Alopecurus japonicus Steud.,Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud. ) Fernald,Galium aparine,A. aequalis Sobol,Lapsana apogonoides Maxim.,Sclerochloa dura (L. ) Beauv.,Stellaria media (L. ) Cyr.,Vicia gigantea Bge.,Capsella bursa-pastoris,Cardamine hirsuta L.,Geranium carolinianum L.,Malachium aquaticum,and Poa annua L.,were the most harmful weeds in this area. A. japonicus,B. syzigachne,and G. aparine were the dominant weed species of the community associated with wheat. The weed spectrum and dominance of species varied among administrative areas and with topography. A. aequalis,A. japonicus,and G. aparine were the most harmful weeds in the 1990s,but in this survey the list included A. japonicus,B. syzigachne and G. aparine;L. apogonoides,S. dura. and S. media (L. ) also caused serious crop damage. The peak of weed germination ocurred at about 15 days after wheat sowing. In Zhenjiang`s wheat fields,weed-seed germination peaked at the end of November to early December. For local weed occurrence of Zhenjiang`s wheat field,a strategy for combination of pre-emergent and post-emergent treatment should be adopted. |
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| Keywords: | Zhenjiang City wheat field weeds species change of weed characteristics control strategy |
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