| 东海及黄海南部带鱼的海底水温分布特征分析及分析方法改进 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘 勇,程家骅.东海及黄海南部带鱼的海底水温分布特征分析及分析方法改进[J].水产学报,2021,45(6):871-886. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘 勇 程家骅 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所，农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室，上海 200090;青岛海洋技师学院，山东 青岛 266001 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业农村部专项东海区海洋捕捞基础信息动态采集分析(2015—2020)；农业农村部专项近海渔业资源调查(2015—2020)；农业农村部专项中日暂定水域渔业资源调查(2015—2020) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解东海及黄海南部带鱼随海底水温变化的分布特征并优化其分析方法，本实验基于2014—2015年4个季度大面积调查获得的带鱼资源分布数据，在前期研究的基础上对水温范围分析方法进行了优化，避免了分析当中的一些主观因素，创建了一种新的生物主体温度范围分析方法，并与传统频率方法和先前生物主体方法进行了比较。结果显示，频率法覆盖站点比例相对较好，但生物量覆盖率相对较差；先前生物主体法，生物量累积覆盖率最高，站点覆盖率也相对不错，缺点是操作过程加入的主观因素较多，且分布范围不连续、包含个别狭小范围；新方法，因其温度范围相对集中、短小，导致站点和生物量两方面的覆盖率均不是很高，但其所确定温度范围内的生物量密度最高，找到了能容纳最多生物量的最小范围，且分布范围相对连续、集中。生物空间分布的特征会直接影响温度范围分析方法的结果，如带鱼空间分布相对均匀，导致其频率分布中的一个分支与生物主体分布保持基本一致，而小黄鱼的空间分布相对集中，导致其频率分布与生物主体分布存在较大差别。分析还发现，生物量较高的群体一般均分布在水温较高的水域，这可能与群体良好的营养状况和快速生长的需求相关；生物空间上分布的不均匀特征，可能与物种的食物需求和捕食特点相联系；根据带鱼高生物量群体的时空分布特征，分析推测该群体可能对应带鱼的春夏生殖鱼群和秋季生殖鱼群。
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| 关 键 词： | 带鱼 水温范围 种群主体 方法 东海 黄海 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/3/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/6/1 0:00:00 |
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the study area |
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| LIU Yong and CHENG Jia-hua.Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the study area[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2021,45(6):871-886. |
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| Authors: | LIU Yong and CHENG Jia-hua |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China; Qingdao Marine Technical College, Qingdao 266001, China |
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| Abstract: | The study of the relationship between fishery organisms and water temperature is an important part of fishery scientific research, and the analysis of the suitable water temperature range of fish is an important aspect of this content. In this study, based on the distribution data of Trichiurus haumela resources obtained from a large-scale survey in four quarters from 2014 to 2015, the water temperature range analysis method was improved on the basis of previous studies to avoid some subjective factors in the analysis. A new biological subject temperature range analysis method was created and compared with the traditional frequency method and the previous biological subject method. The results show that the proportion of sites covered by the frequency method is relatively good, but the biomass coverage rate is relatively poor; in the previous biological main body method, the cumulative biomass coverage rate was the highest, and the site coverage rate was also relatively good. The disadvantage is that there are many subjective factors added in the operation process, and the distribution range is discontinuous and contains individual narrow range. In the new method, because its temperature range is relatively concentrated and short, the coverage of the site and biomass is not very high, but the biomass density in the determined temperature range is the highest, and the minimum range which can accommodate the most biomass is found and the distribution range is continuously concentrated. The characteristics of the biological spatial distribution will directly affect the results of the temperature range analysis method, for example, the aggregation degree of the spatial distribution of the belt fish is obviously lower than that of Larimichthys polyactis, that is, the spatial distribution of the belt fish is relatively uniform. As a result, one of the branches of the frequency distribution is consistent with its biological main body distribution, while the small yellow croaker has no such results, and there is a great difference between its frequency distribution and biomass distribution. The analysis also found that the populations with higher biomass are generally distributed in the waters with higher water temperature, which may be related to the good nutritional status of the population and the demand for rapid growth. The uneven distribution and aggregation in biological space may be related to the food needs and predation characteristics of species. According to the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the high biomass population of T. haumela, it is analyzed and inferred that the population may correspond to the reproductive fish schools of spring and summer and autumn. |
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| Keywords: | Trichiurus haumela range of water temperature main body of population method East China Sea Yellow Sea |
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