Development of Stem-base Pathogens on Different Cultivars of Winter Wheat Determined by Quantitative PCR |
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| Authors: | P Nicholson AS Turner SG Edwards GL Bateman LW Morgan DW Parry J Marshall M Nuttall |
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| Institution: | (1) John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UJ, UK;(2) Harper Adams University College, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, UK;(3) IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK;(4) HRI East Malling, West Malling, Kent, ME19 6BJ, UK;(5) Morley Research Centre, Wymondham, Norfolk, NR18 9BD, UK |
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| Abstract: | The progress of development of stem-base pathogens in crops of second winter wheat was plotted in nine experiments in three years. The amount of each pathogen present was determined by quantitative PCR. Where Tapesia yallundae was present in quantifiable amounts, it usually developed earlier than the other eyespot pathogen, T. acuformis. Both species were usually present in greater amounts on cultivars which are more susceptible to eyespot. The sharp eyespot pathogen, Rhizoctonia cerealis, developed more erratically than either of the Tapesia spp. and there were no consistent effects on different cultivars. Fusarium spp., the cause of brown foot rot, were rarely present in quantifiable amounts, but Microdochium nivale was usually present as one or both of the varieties nivale and majus. Late-season (after anthesis) decreases in M. nivale suggest that any brown foot rot symptoms attributable to this fungus would have fully developed earlier. Cultivar differences in amounts of M. nivale were most clear in stems during internode extension and when relatively large amounts of DNA were present. Such differences approximately reflected eyespot susceptibility, cv. Soissons containing most and cv. Lynx containing least DNA. The results emphasise the difficulty in relating diagnoses, by quantitative PCR or other means, at early growth stages when decisions to apply fungicides against stem-base disease are made, to later disease severity. |
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| Keywords: | brown foot rot eyespot sharp eyespot Microdochium nivale Rhizoctonia cerealis Tapesia spp |
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