| 改进型空间洛伦茨曲线在土地利用结构研究中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 张启元.改进型空间洛伦茨曲线在土地利用结构研究中的应用[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(6):340-343,348. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张启元 |
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| 作者单位： | 青海省高原测绘地理信息新技术重点实验室, 西宁 810012 |
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| 摘 要： | 洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数是土地利用结构研究的常用方法，现有方法存在统计单元数量少、面积差异较大的问题，使得拟合的洛伦茨曲线不够平滑，计算的基尼系数不够准确。利用网格法对现有方法进行改进，以规则网格对研究区进行分割，增加了统计单元的数量，且各统计单元面积相等，可使拟合点在洛伦茨曲线上均匀分布，提高了洛伦茨曲线的平滑程度以及基尼系数的计算精度。另外，以妫水河流域为应用案例，以1998年和2009年的两期Landsat TM影像为基础数据，对改进型空间洛伦茨曲线在土地利用结构研究方面进行案例应用，结果表明该方法可以有效表达不同土地利用类型之间的结构差异及其时空变化规律。耕地始终是分布最均匀的地类，1998年分布最不均匀的地类是园地，2009年分布最不均匀的地类是水域；1998—2009年，林地和水域等生态用地的分布均匀性下降，耕地和建设用地等人工用地分布的均匀性提高。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地利用结构 洛伦茨曲线 基尼系数 网格法 妫水河流域 |
Application of Improved Spatial Lorenz Curve to Study of Land Use Structure |
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| ZHANG Qiyuan.Application of Improved Spatial Lorenz Curve to Study of Land Use Structure[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(6):340-343,348. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Qiyuan |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of New Technology in Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information in Plateau of Qinghai Province, Qinghai Geology Mineral Surveying Institute, Xining 810012, China |
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| Abstract: | Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient are the common methods for research on land use structure, but the current methods have problems of a few statistical unit and larger difference of unit area. So fitting Lorenz curve is not very smooth, and the Gini coefficient is not accurate enough. In this paper, the current method is improved by grid method, study area is separated by regular grid, and each grid is a statistical unit. Hence, the number of statistical units increased, and the areas of most statistical units are equal, except statistical units located at edge, which can make the fitting points evenly distributed in Lorenz curve, and that can improve the smoothing degree of Lorenz curve and the accuracy of Gini coefficient. Guishui River Basin was taken as an application case with two Landsat TM images gotten in 1998 and 2009 as basic data. The improved spatial Lorenz curve was used in research on land use structure of Guishui River Basin. The results show that this method can effectively express the structural different of each land use type and its temporal and spatial variation. Farmland is always the most homogeneous distributed land use type, and the most uneven distributed land use type was garden in 1998 and that was water body in 2009. From 1998 to 2009, the distribution uniformity of ecological lands, such as woodland and water body declined; in contrast, the distribution uniformity of artificial land use types such as farmland and construction land improved. |
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| Keywords: | land use structure Lorenz curve Gini coefficient grid method |
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