Soil processes as affected by replacement of natural mesquite ecosystem with maize crop |
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| Authors: | S Luna-Suárez M L Luna-Guido J T Frias-Hernández V Olalde-Portugal L Dendooven |
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| Institution: | (1) CINVESTAV, Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioingeniería, Avenida Politécnico Nacional 2508 C.P. 07360, Apartado Postal 14740, C.P. 07000 Mexico D.F., Mexico e-mail.: Dendoove@MVAX1.RED.CINVESTAV.MX, Tel.: +52-5-7477000 ext. 3942, Fax: +52-5-7477002, MX;(2) Instituto de Ciencias Agricolas de la Universidad de Guanajuato, Ex Hacienda el Copal, A.D. 311, 36500, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico, MX;(3) CINVESTAV-IPN, Unidad Irapuato A.P. 629, Departamento de Biotecnologia y Bioquimica, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico, MX |
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| Abstract: | In the central highlands of Mexico, the vegetation is dominated by mesquite (Prosopis spp.), a leguminous tree or shrub. An experiment was carried out to investigate how cultivating the land and the disappearance
of the natural ecosystem affected the biological functioning of the soil. Soil was sampled from under the canopy of isolated
(MESQ treatment) and densely growing mesquite trees (DENS treatment), from the surrounding soil not covered by the canopies
of the trees (BARE treatment) and from adjacent land cultivated with maize (ARABLE treatment). Soil was characterized and
then incubated aerobically for 39 days at 22±1 °C and CO2, N2O production, microbial biomass C and inorganic N concentrations were monitored. The organic C content was 2.3 times and 1.1
times greater in the MESQ and the BARE treatments, respectively, than in the ARABLE treatment, while microbial biomass C was
3.5 times and 1.3 times greater. The microbial biomass activity as expressed by CO2 production was 5.9 times and 3.9 times greater in the MESQ and the BARE treatments, respectively, than in the ARABLE treatment,
while N mineralization, as witnessed by the increase in NO3
– concentrations, was 3.4 times and 1.7 times greater. No significant amounts of N2O were produced in any of the treatments. It was found that cultivating land characterized by the presence of mesquite changed
its characteristics profoundly, and even soil not covered by tree canopies had higher microbial biomass C, and C and N mineralization
than soil cultivated with maize and beans.
Received: 1 December 1997 |
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| Keywords: | Mesquite Carbon dioxide production Nitrogen mineralization Microbial biomass carbon Nitrous oxide production |
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