Phylogeographic patterns and possible incipient domestication of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Jacaratia mexicana</Emphasis> A. DC. (Caricaceae) in Mexico |
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| Authors: | D Arias J Peñaloza-Ramírez O Dorado P Cuevas-Reyes Esaú Leyva Ana Luisa Albarrán-Lara G Rangel-Altamirano |
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| Institution: | 1.Centro de Educación Ambiental e Investigación Sierra de Huautla,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos,Cuernavaca,México;2.Laboratorio de Ecología genética, Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM,Morelia,México;3.Facultad de Biología,Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo,Morelia,México |
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| Abstract: | Jacaratia mexicana A. DC. (Caricaceae) is a tropical tree distributed throughout Mexico and Mesoamerica. Some evidence in Mexico indicates the
presence of an incipient domestication process in this species. Phylogeographical analyses can potentially determine contemporary
patterns of gene flow, isolation between population lineages, as well as historical processes such as population bottlenecks
or expansions on their geographical areas. In this study we reconstruct the phylogeographical patterns in populations of J. mexicana A. DC., in order to find differences between genetic variation among wild and cultivated populations utilizing chloroplast
DNA and nuclear DNA sequences. We generate a Bayesian phylogenetic tree, to estimate the divergence time between clades using
calibrated mutation rates. We also infer the demographic history of these populations using neutrality tests among wild and
cultivated accessions. We identified higher levels of haplotype and nucleotide diversity for the cpDNA and ITS types in wild
populations than in domesticated populations. These results indicate a reduction of genetic diversity derived from human selection
on domestication traits. Neutrality test suggests population expansion detected by the significant negative values of Fu’s
Fs in the cultivated populations of this specie. These process results in an excess of rare polymorphism with the fixation
of certain advantageous mutation throughout time, this implication are in accordance with the role of the strong selection
in the fruit traits of J. mexicana. The dated phylogeny constructed with BEAST program indicated a dispersion pattern for the J. mexicana ancestors across the South Pacific and South Eastern populations during the late Pliocene. Posterior dispersion and divergence
in the clades from Central Mexico and North Pacific are in agreement with the episodes of mountain-building in different regions
of Mexico. |
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