| 论1941年中国农民银行土地金融处的成立及其初期工作 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨清泉.论1941年中国农民银行土地金融处的成立及其初期工作[J].农业考古,2020(1):95-103. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨清泉 |
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| 作者单位： | 西南大学历史文化学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 西南大学2019年度中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“民国时期北碚金融服务体系研究”(项目编号：SWU1909591) |
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| 摘 要： | 土地金融是近代西方的产物,它是利用土地作为长期信用的担保品,来获取资金融通的一种措施。20世纪30、40年代,鉴于当时国内农村金融枯竭却并无完善的土地金融机构与制度,地政学派的代表黄通等人主张仿效西方,积极倡导成立专门的中国土地银行,为农村提供长期低利资金,并促成建立土地金融制度,以协助推行国民党的"平均地权"政策,但限于种种因素未能成立起来。最终,中国农民银行在1941年4月奉命成立土地金融处兼办土地金融业务。土地金融处筹备时间不足,成立匆忙,在成立后也积极完善组织、业务基础,不久之后,也展开了洽商、联系、宣传业务。土地金融处的成立标志着近代中国土地金融制度的建立,对解决战时后方土地问题与支持抗战,意义重大;然而其局限性也较为明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地金融处 初期工作 土地政策 土地金融制度 |
On the Establishment and Initial Work of Land Finance Department of China Farmers Bank in 1941 |
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| Yang Qingquan.On the Establishment and Initial Work of Land Finance Department of China Farmers Bank in 1941[J].Agricultural Archaeology,2020(1):95-103. |
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| Authors: | Yang Qingquan |
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| Abstract: | Land finance was generated in modern West, a measure to obtain fund accommodation by using land as collateral security for long-term credit. In 1930 s and 1940 s, given the lack of domestic rural finance and perfect land financial institution and system, Huang Tong and other representatives of the land administration school advocated to learn from the West to establish a specialized Chinese land bank for providing long-term and low-profit funds in rural areas and promoting the establishment of a land finance system for implementing Kuomintang’s policy of "average land rights". However, due to the limitation of various factors, it failed to be established. Finally in April 1941, China Farmers Bank set up a Land Finance Department, providing both land and finance services. Since the Land Finance Department had insufficient preparation time,it actively improved its organization and business foundation after the establishment. Soon after, it also started negotiations,contacts and publicity. The Land Finance Department marked the establishment of the modern Chinese land finance system,which was of great significance for solving problems in rear land during wartime and supporting the war of resistance, though with its obvious limitations. |
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| Keywords: | land finance department initial work land policy land finance system |
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