| 玉米水分利用效率、碳稳定同位素判别值和叶面积之间的关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 张丛志,张佳宝,赵炳梓,张辉,黄平,李晓鹏,朱强根.玉米水分利用效率、碳稳定同位素判别值和叶面积之间的关系[J].作物学报,2009,35(6):1115-1121. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张丛志 张佳宝 赵炳梓 张辉 黄平 李晓鹏 朱强根 |
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| 作者单位： | 1中国科学院南京土壤与农业可持续发展高家重点实验室封丘农业生态系统高家实验站，江苏南京210008；2中国科学院研究生院，北京100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划)，中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目，中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过盆栽试验，研究了水分胁迫对玉米各生育期叶面积(LA)、比叶面积(SLA)、水分利用效率(WUE)和碳稳定同位素判别值(Δ13C)的影响以及不同水分条件下WUE、茎叶Δ13C和SLA之间的关系。试验设4个水分处理, 分别为田间持水量的75%~100%(W1)、50%~75%(W2)、30%~50%(W3)和0~30%(W4)。W2和W3处理对生物量干重的影响在玉米拔节期明显，而W4处理导致各生育期生物量干重的极大降低。在W2和W3处理下，玉米各生育期的WUE随着水分胁迫程度的增加而增加；而W4处理下，WUE在孕穗期后则显著降低。SLA在孕穗期达到最大。玉米各生育期叶片Δ13C在W1、W2和W3处理中呈随水分胁迫的增加而降低的趋势，而W4处理下的叶片Δ13C则高于W2和W3处理。玉米叶片光合同化物质往茎秆转移时没有发生碳同位素的分馏作用。在玉米的各生育期，叶片Δ13C、茎秆Δ13C和玉米WUE呈一致性的负相关；各生育期的SLA与Δ13C呈正相关关系，而与WUE呈显著的负相关。
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| 关 键 词： | 水分胁迫 玉米 生育期 水分利用效率 碳同位素判别值 比叶面积 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008-08-20 |
Relationships among Water Use Efficiency, Carbon Isotope Discrimination,and Specific Leaf Area in Maize |
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| ZHANG Cong-Zhi,ZHANG Jia-Bao,ZHAO Bing-Zi,ZHANG Hui,HUANG Ping,LI Xiao-Peng,ZHU Qiang-Gen.Relationships among Water Use Efficiency, Carbon Isotope Discrimination,and Specific Leaf Area in Maize[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2009,35(6):1115-1121. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Cong-Zhi ZHANG Jia-Bao ZHAO Bing-Zi ZHANG Hui HUANG Ping LI Xiao-Peng ZHU Qiang-Gen |
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| Institution: | 1.State Experimental Station of Agro-Ecosystem in Fengqiu,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;2.Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China |
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| Abstract: | Plant fractionates heavy carbon isotopes during photosynthesis, which usually occurs when CO2 diffuses to the carboxylation site, and during carboxylation reaction. On account of CO2 fixation process is coupled with water transpiration during the photosynthesis, it is possible to apply stable carbon isotope to study crop water use efficiency (WUE). At present, stable carbon isotope techniques have been widely studied and applied in C3 plants, however, the relative studies are less reported in C4 plants. In this way, a pot experiment was conducted from June 9 to September 25 in 2007 to study the variation of leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), water use efficiency (WUE), and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C) in maize (Zea mays L.) under different water deficit conditions. The objective was to understand the relationship among WUE, Δ13C and SLA. Maize were subjected to four water treatments, that is: 75–100% (W1), 50%–75% (W2), 30%–50% (W3), and 0–30% (W4) of field water-holding capacity of the soil. The WUE, SLA, and Δ13C values were measured at seedling, jointing, booting, tasseling, filling, and mature stages. The dry matter accumulation at jointing was obviously affected by W2 and W3 treatments, and decreased significantly in W4 treatment after booting. WUE increased with water stress during all growth stages in W2 and W3 treatments, but decreased significantly in W4 treatment after booting. SLA reached maximal value at booting. Leaf Δ13C decreased in W1, W2, and W3 treatments from jointing to mature, whereas leaf Δ13C value was greater in W4 treatment than in W2 and W3 treatments. Stem Δ13C significantly and positively correlated and presented no significant difference with leaf Δ13C, which indicated that carbon isotope was not fractionated during photosynthate transport from leaves to stems. Maize Δ13C was negatively correlated with WUE; SLA and Δ13C presented positive correlation and both negatively correlated with WUE. |
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| Keywords: | Water stress Maize Growth stage Water use efficiency Carbon isotope discrimination Specific leaf area |
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