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| 云新90301等3个杂交优良早实核桃新品种的选育 | |
| 引用本文： | 方文亮,范志远,习学良,张雨,赵廷松,周建国,曾清贤,崔瑰芬,韩建民,王裕福,李福民.云新90301等3个杂交优良早实核桃新品种的选育[J].西部林业科学,2005,34(1):1-8. |
| 作者姓名： | 方文亮 范志远 习学良 张雨 赵廷松 周建国 曾清贤 崔瑰芬 韩建民 王裕福 李福民 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 云南省林业科学院,云南,昆明,650204 2. 云县林业局,云南,云县,675800 3. 鲁甸县林业局,云南,鲁甸,657100 4. 沾溢县林业局,云南,沾溢,655031 5. 丽江地区林科所,云南,丽江,674100 6. 泸西县林业局,云南,泸西,652400 7. 陆良县林业局,云南,陆良,655600 |
| 摘 要： | 针对云南良种核桃结实晚, 种壳刻纹深密不美观及不耐寒等重大缺欠, 在取得“八五”核桃杂交育种研究成果的基础上, 于1990~2004年首次开展了选用我国南方云南核桃良种大姚三台核桃与北方新疆早实丰产优株核桃新早13号进行的种间杂交育种研究。通过14年的程序选育, 从初选的11个杂交优株无性系中经区域性栽培试验, 评选出云新90301、云新90303、云新90306 3个杂交优良早实核桃新品种。新品种核桃具有早实、丰产、优质、耐寒及树体矮化等优点, 其综合经济性状比亲本和“八五”培育出的5个新品系核桃均高, 总体丰产品质指标已达到或超过国标Ⅰ级或优级的标准, 达到了预期的育种目标。在掌握3个新品种核桃的生物及生态学特性前提下, 确立了其栽培技术要领, 使之便于推广。选育出的此3种新品种核桃现已在云南省的8个地(州、市) 10个(市、区) 试验, 示范推广, 面积达1 655 03hm2, 取得了显著的经济、社会及生态效益。 |
| 关 键 词： | 云新90301 云新90303 云新90306 核桃 杂交 新品种选育 |
| 文章编号： | 1672-8246(2005)01-0001-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年9月6日 |
The Selection and Breeding of Yunxin90301 and Two Other Improved Early-maturing Hybrid New Varieties of Walnut |
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| FANG Wen-liang,FAN Zhi-yuan,XI Xue-liang,ZHANG Yu,ZHAO Ting-song,ZHOU Jian-guo,ZENG Qing-xian,CUI Gui-fen,HAN Jian-min,WANG Yu-fu,LI Fu-min.The Selection and Breeding of Yunxin90301 and Two Other Improved Early-maturing Hybrid New Varieties of Walnut[J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,2005,34(1):1-8. | |
| Authors: | FANG Wen-liang FAN Zhi-yuan XI Xue-liang ZHANG Yu ZHAO Ting-song ZHOU Jian-guo ZENG Qing-xian CUI Gui-fen HAN Jian-min WANG Yu-fu LI Fu-min |
| Institution: | FANG Wen-liang~ |
| Abstract: | Considering the improved variety of walnut in Yunnan is of some immense shortcomings such as late maturation, ugliness in the depth and density of grain on the shell and sensitivity to cold, the research of interspecific hybridization between Dayoshantai which is an improved variety of walnut in Yunnan in the south of China and Xinzhao No.13 which is an early maturing, high yield and high quality variety of walnut in Xinjiang in the north of China was first carried out from 1990 to 2004 on the basis of the achievement in the research of crossing breeding of walnut made in the period of eighth Five-year plan. Through the procedural selection and breeding in 14 years, three new improved early-maturing hybrid varieties of walnut, Yunxin90301, Yunxin90302 and Yunxin90303, were selected by means of regional cultivation trials from 11 advantageous hybrid clones selected first. The new varieties of walnut, whose level of total quality index of high quality has come up to or even surpassed that of the relevant national standard of class 1 or even high-class, are of the advantages such as early maturation, high yield, high quality, cold endurance and brachysm of tree trunk, and their comprehensive economic properties are superior to both those of their parents and those of five other new strains of walnut breeded in the period of eighth Five-year plan, which attained the desired breeding objective. Based on the premise that the biological and ecological properties of the three new varieties of walnut had been grasped, the essentials of the cultivation techniques for the three new varieties have been acquired and have been made easy to popularize. The field experiments for the three new varieties have been performed in the area of 10 cities in 8 prefectures in Yunnan province. As the exemplary roles, they have been popularized , and the planting area for them is 1 665.03hm~(2) there. Notable benefit of economy, society and ecology has been gained. |
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