| 饲粮添加中药渣和发酵中药渣对母猪繁殖性能与子代发育的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李华伟,黎智华,祝倩,吴灵英,印遇龙,孔祥峰.饲粮添加中药渣和发酵中药渣对母猪繁殖性能与子代发育的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 李华伟 黎智华 祝倩 吴灵英 印遇龙 孔祥峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所，亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室，湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心，农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站，长沙 410125; 武汉轻工大学，动物科学与营养工程学院，武汉 430023;2. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所，亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室，湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心，农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站，长沙 410125;3. 武汉轻工大学，动物科学与营养工程学院，武汉 430023;4. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所，亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室，湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心，农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站，长沙 410125; 湖南省植物功能成分利用协同创新中心，长沙 410128 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖南省战略性新兴产业科技攻关项目(2014GK1007)；中央驻湘科研机构技术创新发展专项(2013TF3006)；中国工程院咨询研究项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在通过研究微生物发酵中药渣对围产期母猪繁殖性能和子代发育的影响,为中药渣的二次开发利用提供依据。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠85 d的健康二元母猪60头,随机分为3组,每组20头。3组分别在基础饲粮中添加2 kg/t米糠(对照组)、2 kg/t中药渣制剂(由黄芪、当归、熟地黄和白芍等组成,中药渣组)和2 kg/t发酵中药渣制剂(发酵中药渣组)。从产前21 d开始饲喂,到产后21 d结束。分别于妊娠110 d、产后21 d时测量母猪背膘厚,记录母猪的产仔数、产活仔数、死胎数、木乃伊数和母猪产后发情间隔;记录仔猪初生窝重,7、14和21日龄窝增重,并计算平均日增重;每天观察仔猪腹泻情况,并计算腹泻率。结果表明:与对照组相比,发酵中药渣组仔猪断奶窝增重显著增加(P0.05),中药渣组和发酵中药渣组仔猪1~14日龄、1~21日龄腹泻率显著增加(P0.05);与中药渣组相比,发酵中药渣组仔猪7日龄窝增重显著增加(P0.05),平均日增重呈升高趋势(P=0.053)。由此可见,围产期母猪饲粮添加中药渣制剂虽然造成哺乳仔猪一定程度的腹泻,但可促进其生长发育,添加发酵中药渣制剂效果更好。
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| 关 键 词： | 妊娠母猪 繁殖性能 哺乳仔猪 生长发育 发酵中药渣 |
Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Herb Residues and Fermented Herb Residues on Reproductive Performance of Sows and Growth Performance of Their Offspring |
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| Abstract: | This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented herb residues during perinatal period on reproductive performance of sows and growth performance of their off?spring, to provide the basis for the development and re?utilization of the herb residues. Sixty healthy crossbred sows on close to 85 days of gestation during the 2 to 4 parities were used and randomly allocated to 3 groups with 20 replicates ( one sow each) in this study. The diets were supplemented with 2 kg/t rice bran ( control group) , 2 kg/t herb residues ( from Radix astragali, Radix angelicae sinensis, Radix rehmanniae preparata and Raidix paeoniae alba, etc., HR group) and 2 kg/t fermented herb residues (FHR group), respectively. These diets were fed from prenatal 21 days to postnatal 21 days. The back?fat thickness of sows was measured on pregnancy day 110 and postpartum day 21, respectively. The litter size, alive litter size, dead fetus size, mummy size and postpartum estrus interval of sows were also recorded, as well as the litter birth weight and lit?ter weight gain of piglets on 7, 14 and 21 days of age to calculate the average daily gain of piglets. The diar?rhea occurrence of piglets was observed per day throughout the experiment to count the diarrhea rate. The re?sults showed that compared with the control group, the litter weight gain of weaned piglets from the FHR group was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , the diarrhea rates of piglets during 1 to 14 days and 1 to 21 days of age from the HR and FHR groups were dramatically increased ( P<0.05); compared with the HR group, the litter weight gain of piglets at 7 days of age from the FHR group was significantly increased ( P<0.05) , and the av?erage daily gain displayed a trend toward increasing (P=0.053). These findings suggest that dietary supple?mentation with the herb residues, especially the fermented herb residues, during perinatal period results in a certain degree of diarrhea of suckling piglets, but facilitates the growth and development of the animals. |
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| Keywords: | pregnant sows reproductive performance suckling piglets growth and development fermented herb residues |
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