| 氮密互作对淮北砂姜黑土区冬小麦冠层光合特性和产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄 波,张 妍,孙建强,陈 翔,张 林,朱玉磊,刘惠惠,魏凤珍,宋有洪,李金才.氮密互作对淮北砂姜黑土区冬小麦冠层光合特性和产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2019(8):994-1002. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄 波 张 妍 孙建强 陈 翔 张 林 朱玉磊 刘惠惠 魏凤珍 宋有洪 李金才 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.安徽农业大学农学院/农业部华东地区作物栽培科学观测站，安徽合肥 230036；2.安徽省蒙城县种植业发展局，安徽蒙城 233500；3.安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所，安徽合肥 230031） |
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| 基金项目： | “十三五”国家重点研发项目（2017YFD0300408，2017YFD0301307） |
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| 摘 要： | 为筛选出适合淮北平原砂姜黑土区小麦稳产高产栽培的氮密配置,在大田条件下以安农0711(AN0711)和烟农19(YN19)为试验材料,采用裂区设计,设置150×10~4、210×10~4、270×10~4和330×10~4株·hm~(-2)4个种植密度(分别用D1～D4代表),以及135、180、225和270 kg·hm~(-2)4个施氮水平(分别用N1～N4代表),分析了氮密互作对冬小麦冠层结构、光合特性和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,氮密互作可改善小麦冠层结构,显著影响冠层光合特性。旗叶净光合速率和叶绿素相对含量随着种植密度的增加而降低,而随着施氮量的增加而增加,但施氮量超过225 kg·hm~(-2)时变化均不显著。随着种植密度和施氮量的增加,叶面积指数和冠层截获光合有效辐射显著提高,且在孕穗期和开花期均以D4N4处理最大,灌浆中期均以D3N3处理最大。氮密对籽粒产量有显著的互作效应。在D3N3处理下AN0711和YN19的冠层光合能力和籽粒产量均最高,其中产量分别达到7 866.67和7 400.00 kg·hm~(-2)。在本试验条件下,适宜的种植密度和施氮量分别为270×10~4株·hm~(-2)和225 kg·hm~(-2)。
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| 关 键 词： | 冬小麦 砂姜黑土 施氮量 种植密度 产量 |
Effect of Nitrogen and Density Interaction on Canopy Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat in Huaibei Lime Concretion Black Soil Region |
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| HUANG Bo,ZHANG Yan,SUN Jianqiang,CHEN Xiang,ZHANG Lin,ZHU Yulei,LIU Huihui,WEI Fengzhen,SONG Youhong,LI Jincai.Effect of Nitrogen and Density Interaction on Canopy Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat in Huaibei Lime Concretion Black Soil Region[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2019(8):994-1002. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Bo ZHANG Yan SUN Jianqiang CHEN Xiang ZHANG Lin ZHU Yulei LIU Huihui WEI Fengzhen SONG Youhong LI Jincai |
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| Abstract: | In order to provide a theoretical basis for stable and high-yield cultivation of wheat in lime concretion black soil region of Huaibei plain and select a reasonable nitrogen-density configuration for local wheat planting, under the field conditions, we used winter wheat varieties Annong 0711(AN0711) and Yannong 19(YN19) as experimental materials and used the split zone design.The planting densities of 150×104/, 210×104/, 270×104/ and 330×104/ plants·hm-2 were represented by D1, D2, D3 and D4, respectively, and nitrogen application rates were 135,180,225 and 270 kg·hm-2, represented by N1, N2, N3 and N4, respectively.The effects of nitrogen-density interaction on canopy structure, photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat were analyzed.The results showed that nitrogen-density interaction improved wheat canopy structure and had a significant effect on canopy photosynthetic characteristics.Plant height and ear length were increased with the increase of planting density and nitrogen application rate.The Pn and SPAD values of flag leaves were decreased with increased planting density, but increased significantly with increased nitrogen application rate.There was no significant difference between treatments when nitrogen application over 225 kg·hm-2.From a population perspective, the increase in planting density and nitrogen application significantly increased LAI and IPAR.At booting stage and flowering stage, LAI and IPAR of D4N4 were the largest, while in the middle stage of filling, D3N3 had the largest LAI and IPAR.Nitrogen fertilizer and density had significant interaction effects on grain yield.Both varieties had the highest yield under D3N3, and the highest yields were 7 866.67 kg·hm-2 and 7 400.00 kg·hm-2, respectively.Nitrogen-density interaction on the photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat canopy showed that D3N3 treatment significantly enhanced the photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat canopy and increased yield.Under the experimental conditions, the suitable planting density and nitrogen application rate were 270×104/ plants·hm-2 and 225 kg·hm-2. |
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| Keywords: | Winter wheat Lime concretion black soil Nitrogen fertilizer application Planting density Yield |
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