| 沈阳市新民设施菜地土壤重金属污染特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭畔,宋雪英,刘伟健,李玉双,魏建兵,李秀颖,夏思雨.沈阳市新民设施菜地土壤重金属污染特征分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(4):835-844. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭畔 宋雪英 刘伟健 李玉双 魏建兵 李秀颖 夏思雨 |
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| 作者单位： | 沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室, 沈阳 110044,沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室, 沈阳 110044,沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室, 沈阳 110044,沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室, 沈阳 110044,沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室, 沈阳 110044,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016,南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300071 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0800900）；国家自然科学基金项目（41771200，21377139） |
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| 摘 要： | 为调查沈阳新民蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染状况,探讨蔬菜基地种植方式、种植年限等因素对设施菜地土壤重金属含量的影响,以沈阳市新民蔬菜基地不同种植年限的设施菜地土壤为研究对象,以露天菜地和玉米大田土壤为对照,采用原子吸收分光光度法和原子荧光法测定菜地土壤中镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、镍(Ni)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、砷(As)和汞(Hg)8种《温室蔬菜产地环境质量评价标准》(HJ/T 333—2006)中控制的重金属含量并分析污染特征,同时,测定土壤pH值、有机质、总氮和总磷含量等土壤基本理化指标。对不同种植年限的设施菜地土壤重金属的污染状况进行评价,对土壤重金属含量与土壤理化性质进行相关性分析。结果表明,新民地区设施菜地的重金属平均含量从大到小顺序为ZnCrCuNiPbAsHgCd,其中Cu、Cd和Hg含量存在超标现象,超标率分别为2.4%、26.8%和22.0%。与露天菜地和大田相比较,设施菜地土壤中Cd、Cu、Zn、As和Hg的平均含量高于露天菜地和大田对照,而Pb、Ni、Cr的平均含量低于露天菜地土壤。设施菜地土壤重金属污染的内梅罗综合污染指数约为0.87,评价等级为警戒限,重金属Cr、Cd含量与种植年限具有极显著正相关关系(P0.01);相关分析表明,土壤中Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr的含量与土壤有机质含量显著正相关(P0.05),Cu、Zn、Cr的含量同时又与总氮含量显著正相关(P0.05);土壤中重金属Cu与Zn,Cr与Zn,Cd与Zn,Pb与Ni,Cr与Ni,Cd与Cr具有极显著的正相关关系(P0.01)。研究表明,新民设施菜地土壤呈微酸性至酸性,Hg含量达到污染水平,其他重金属处于尚清洁状态,重金属含量处于警戒和污染等级的点位占53.7%,重金属污染问题应引起重视。
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| 关 键 词： | 设施菜地 土壤 种植年限 重金属 污染特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/7/9 0:00:00 |
Contamination characteristics of heavy metals in greenhouse vegetable fields of Xinmin, Shenyang City, China |
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| GUO Pan,SONG Xue-ying,LIU Wei-jian,LI Yu-shuang,WEI Jian-bing,LI Xiu-ying and XIA Si-yu.Contamination characteristics of heavy metals in greenhouse vegetable fields of Xinmin, Shenyang City, China[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2019,38(4):835-844. |
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| Authors: | GUO Pan SONG Xue-ying LIU Wei-jian LI Yu-shuang WEI Jian-bing LI Xiu-ying and XIA Si-yu |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China,Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China,Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China,Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China,Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China,Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China and College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China |
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| Abstract: | Soil samples were collected from greenhouse vegetable fields of different planting years from the Xinmin vegetable field, Shenyang, China. Soil samples from the open vegetable and maize fields were used as controls. The concentration of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As), which are listed in the Environmental Quality Evaluation Standards for Farmland of Greenhouse Vegetables Production (HJ/T 333-2006), was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Basic physicochemical properties of soil including pH and the content of soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were also measured. The concentration of heavy metals in the greenhouse vegetable fields decreased in the following order:Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > As > Hg > Cd. The concentration of Cu, Cd, and Hg exceeded the relative control standards at the rate of 2.4%, 26.8%, and 22.0%, respectively. The concentration of Cd, Cu, Zn, As, and Hg in the greenhouse vegetable fields was higher than that in the open vegetable and maize fields. Furthermore, the concentration of Pb, Ni, and Cr in the greenhouse vegetable fields was lower than that in the open vegetable fields. The comprehensive pollution Nemerow Index of heavy metals in the greenhouse vegetable soil of Xinmin vegetable base was approximately 0.87, within the range of warning limits. The concentration of Cr and Cd in soil positively correlated with the planting year. The concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Cr in soil positively correlated with the soil OM content (P<0.05). The concentration of Cu, Zn, and Cr in soil positively correlated with the TN content. In addition, Cu and Zn, Cr and Zn, Cd and Zn, Pb and Ni, Cr and Ni, and Cd and Cr were positively correlated. |
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| Keywords: | greenhouse vegetable field soil planting year heavy metals contamination characteristic |
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