| 5种淡水鱼的肌肉及肝脏营养成分测定及比较 |
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| 引用本文： | 谌芳,刘晓娜,吉维舟,黄春红.5种淡水鱼的肌肉及肝脏营养成分测定及比较[J].贵州农业科学,2016(11):108-111. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谌芳 刘晓娜 吉维舟 黄春红 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 湖南文理学院 生命科学学院,水产高效健康生产湖南省协同创新中心,动物学湖南省高校重点实验室,湖南 常德 415000;2. 湖南文理学院 生命科学学院,水产高效健康生产湖南省协同创新中心,动物学湖南省高校重点实验室,湖南 常德 415000;长沙理工大学 化学与生物工程学院,湖南省水生资源食品加工工程技术研究中心,湖南 长沙 410004 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖南省大学生研究性、创新性项目"养殖模式对常规淡水鱼类肌肉营养成分及品质的影响研究"(2015-390),长沙理工大学湖南省水生资源食品加工工程技术研究中心开放基金项目"西洞庭湖区水产品重金属富集分析与风险评估"(2016GCZX05),湖南省重点学科(动物学)项目(2013YB01),湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(2014-03) |
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| 摘 要： | 为常见淡水鱼优质鱼肉产品的生产与加工提供理论依据,采用物理、化学分析方法及火焰原子吸收分光光度法对配合饲料养殖的鲢、鳙、鲫、草鱼和团头鲂等5种淡水鱼肌肉、肝脏的常规营养成分及矿物元素含量进行检测分析。结果表明:5种鱼肉中水分含量鳙最高,为80.5%,鲫最低,为78.06%;粗蛋白含量鲫最高,为17.54%,鳙最低,为15.57%;粗脂肪含量鲢最高,为4.40%,团头鲂最低,为1.53%;粗灰分含量草鱼最高,为1.26%,鳙最低,为1.01%;无氮浸出物含量团头鲂最高,为0.46%,鲢最低,为0.25%。鲫肌肉中K、Mg、Na、Zn、Cu、Ca、Mn等7种矿物质含量均最高,分别为2.47%、0.94%、0.66%、7.78mg/g、5.01mg/g、27.83mg/g和5.16mg/g;团头鲂肌肉中Fe含量最高,为19.96mg/g。鱼体肝脏中粗脂肪与Zn、Cu、Fe等微量金属元素的含量均高于肌肉。鲫、团头鲂尤其是鲫肌肉和肝脏的营养价值相对较高。
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| 关 键 词： | 淡水鱼 肌肉 肝脏 营养成分 营养价值 |
Detection of Nutritional Components in Muscle and Liver of Five Freshwater Fishes |
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| Abstract: | The routine nutritional components and mineral element content in muscle and liver of five freshwater fishes (silver carp, bighead carp, crucian carp, grass carp and blunt snout bream) fed with mixed feed were detected by physical and chemical analysis method and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry to provide the theoretical basis for production and processing of high quality fish products of common freshwater fishes.Results: The highest and lowest moisture content in muscle of five freshwater fishes is bighead carp (80.5%) and crucian carp (78.06%).The highest and lowest crude protein content in muscle of five freshwater fishes is crucian carp (17.54%) and bighead carp (15.57%).The highest and lowest crude fat content in muscle of five freshwater fishes is silver carp (4.40%) and blunt snout bream (1.53%).The highest and lowest ash content in muscle of five freshwater fishes is grass carp (1.26%) and bighead carp (1.01%).The highest and lowest NFE content in muscle of five freshwater fishes is blunt snout bream (0.46%) and silver carp (0.25%).The K, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, Ca and Mn content in muscle of crucian carp is the highest and reaches 2.47%, 0.94%, 0.66%, 7.78mg/g, 5.01mg/g.27.83mg/g and 5.16mg/g respectively.The Fe content in muscle of blunt snout bream is the highest (19.96mg/g).The content of crude fat, Zn, Cu and Fe in liver is higher than in muscle.The muscle and liver of crucian carp and blunt snout bream have the relatively higher nutritional value. |
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| Keywords: | freshwater fishes muscle liver nutritional component nutritive value |
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