| 有机肥与化肥不同比例配施下水稻土铵态氮释放特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 张璐,文石林,蔡泽江,刘立生,管建新,段淑辉,代快.有机肥与化肥不同比例配施下水稻土铵态氮释放特征[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(4):15-22. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张璐 文石林 蔡泽江 刘立生 管建新 段淑辉 代快 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室，北京100081；2.中国农业科学院衡阳红壤实验站，祁阳农田生态系统国家野外试验站，湖南祁阳426182；3.湖南省祁东县农业局,湖南祁东421600；4.浏阳市烟草专卖局，湖南浏阳410300；5.玉溪市烟草专卖局，云南玉溪651100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目（2014CB441001）；国家自然科学基金青年基金（41301309）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（2014-10） |
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| 摘 要： | 采用淹水密闭培养-间歇淋洗法,研究了有机肥(猪粪和牛粪)与化肥(尿素)氮以不同比例配施后对水稻土铵态氮释放特征的影响。结果表明:与单施100%尿素处理相比,培养到28 d,配施有机肥处理(除80%尿素氮配施20%牛粪氮、70%尿素氮配施30%牛粪氮和50%尿素氮配施30%牛粪氮处理)显著降低土壤铵态氮的累积释放量,且随有机肥配施比例的增加降幅增大,降低幅度为5.78%~41.20%(P0.05);培养28~90 d,配施有机肥处理(50%尿素氮配施30%牛粪氮处理除外)的土壤铵态氮释放量显著提高;至培养90 d,50%尿素氮配施50%猪粪氮和80%尿素氮配施20%牛粪氮处理的土壤铵态氮累积释放量显著高于单施100%尿素处理,提高幅度分别为4.81%和9.32%(P0.05)。培养结束时,氮素减施20%(单施80%尿素氮、50%尿素氮配施30%猪粪氮和50%尿素氮配施30%牛粪氮)处理的土壤铵态氮累积释放量与单施100%尿素处理无显著差异。本研究表明,50%尿素氮配施30%猪粪氮既可以降低土壤铵态氮前期释放速率,又可以增加水稻土持续稳定的供氮能力,对减少氮肥损失维持作物生产具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 铵态氮释放 有机无机肥配施比例 氮素减施 水稻土 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/9/24 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/12/8 0:00:00 |
The ammonium nitrogen release characteristic of paddy soil with mixed application of different ratios of organic and inorganic fertilizer |
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| Abstract: | An anaerobic incubation was conducted to investigate the effect of urea combined with pig manure and cattle manure at different ratios on characteristics of NH+4 releasing in a paddy soil collected from Nanchang,Jiangxi province.Our results indicated that urea(U)combined with pig manure(P)or cattle manure(C)(except for 80%U+20%C,70%U+30%C and 50%U+30%C treatments) significantly decreased soil cumulative NH+4 released by 5.78% to41.20% at day 28 of anaerobic incubation as compared with 100%U treatment (P<0.05);Thereafter in the following 28~90 days,the amount of soil NH+4 released increased significantly in manure treatments except for 50%U+30%C treatment.Compared with 100%U treatment,50%U+50%P and 80%U+20%C treatments significantly the cumulative NH+4 released were increased by 4.81% and 9.32%,respectively (P<0.05) at the end of the incubation experiment,but showed no significant difference with other treatments.There was no significant difference in the cumulative NH+4 between 100%U treatment and 80%U,50%U+30%P and 50%U+30%C treatments.It was suggested that 50%U+30%P had the potential to reduce the risk of N lose and supply the N demand of crops in paddy soil. |
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| Keywords: | ammonium nitrogen release organic and inorganic fertilizer application with different substitution ratio reducing nitrogen application paddy soil |
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