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Yields and N uptake of barley and ryegrass from soils with added animal manure differing in straw and urine content |
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| Authors: | IK Thomsen V Kjellerup |
| Institution: | a The Danish Institute of Plant and Soil Science. Department of Soil Science, Research Centre Foulum, P.O. Box 23, DK-8830, Tjele, Denmark b Askov Experimental Station. Vejenvej 55, DK-6600, Vejen, Denmark |
| Abstract: | Four types of cattle manure were prepared by mixing faeces with different ratios of urine + straw, one manure being faeces without straw and urine. Following 3 to 6 months of storage, the manures were applied in spring or autumn to a sandy loam and a coarse sand in amounts corresponding to 120 kg N ha?1. Spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) undersown with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were used as test crops. Barley was harvested at maturity and the wintering ryegrass was cut three times in the second year. Additional mineral N in the form of 15N-labelled mineral fertilizer (50 kg N ha?1) was added to all barley plots at planting in spring. Non-manured plots receiving only the 15N-labelled mineral fertilizer were included. Faeces without urine + straw contained more NH4-N than the other manures and spring incorporation of this manure gave the highest dry matter yield and N uptake of the barley. When faeces without urine + straw was applied in autumn, the yield and N uptake were increased only on the sandy loam. On the coarse sand, the NH4-N was probably leached as NO3-N during the winter. The three manures with urine + straw did not affect barley grain yield or total N uptake. Thus these manures did not mineralize nor immobilize measurable quantities of N in the first growth period. On the sandy loam, the patterns of N uptake in ryegrass indicated an increased availability of manure N during the second growth period. The availability of N from the 15NH415NO3 was similar in all plots when manures were applied in spring. Less 15N was taken up by the spring barley when manure was added in autumn compared with crops given 15NH415NO3 only. Thus short-term effects of N in cattle faeces stored with or without straw + urine are low. For soils low in mineral N such manures may potentially reduce crop N uptake. |
| Keywords: | Application time Cattle faeces 15N Ryegrass Spring barley Straw Urine |
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