Occurrence, isolation and biological activity of phytotoxic metabolites produced in vitro by Sphaeropsis sapinea, pathogenic fungus of Pinus radiata |
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| Authors: | Annalisa Cabras Maria A Mannoni Salvatorica Serra Anna Andolfi Michele Fiore Antonio Evidente |
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| Institution: | (1) Dipartimento di Protezione delle Piante, Università di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 07100 Sassari, Italy;(2) Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo della Pianta e dell’Ambiente, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Sphaeropsis sapinea was repeatedly isolated in Sardinia from symptomatic samples of the upper part of declining pine (Pinus radiata) plants. Observed symptoms mainly consisted of foliage chlorosis, drying of needles and cankers on branches. The S. sapinea strains were shown to produce phytotoxic metabolites in culture filtrates. Three metabolites were isolated for the first time from this fungus and identified by their spectroscopic and optical properties as R-(−)-mellein, (3R,4R)-4-hydroxymellein and (3R,4S)-4-hydroxymellein. When assayed for phytotoxic and antifungal activities on host and non-host plants and on some phytopathogenic fungi, the R-(−)-mellein showed significant activity, while the other two 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins showed only a synergic activity in both tests. |
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| Keywords: | declining pine disease isocoumarines melleins phytotoxic and antifungal activity Pinus radiata Sphaeropsis sapinea |
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