Landscape attributes and life history variability shape genetic structure of trout populations in a stream network |
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| Authors: | Helen M Neville Jason B Dunham Mary M Peacock |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Biology/314, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;(2) Rocky Mountain Research Station, 316 E. Myrtle St., Boise, ID 83702, USA;(3) USGS FRESC Corvallis Research Group 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis, OR, 97331 |
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| Abstract: | Spatial and temporal landscape patterns have long been recognized to influence biological processes, but these processes often
operate at scales that are difficult to study by conventional means. Inferences from genetic markers can overcome some of
these limitations. We used a landscape genetics approach to test hypotheses concerning landscape processes influencing the
demography of Lahontan cutthroat trout in a complex stream network in the Great Basin desert of the western US. Predictions
were tested with population- and individual-based analyses of microsatellite DNA variation, reflecting patterns of dispersal,
population stability, and local effective population sizes. Complementary genetic inferences suggested samples from migratory
corridors housed a mixture of fish from tributaries, as predicted based on assumed migratory life histories in those habitats.
Also as predicted, populations presumed to have greater proportions of migratory fish or from physically connected, large,
or high quality habitats had higher genetic variability and reduced genetic differentiation from other populations. Populations
thought to contain largely non-migratory individuals generally showed the opposite pattern, suggesting behavioral isolation.
Estimated effective sizes were small, and we identified significant and severe genetic bottlenecks in several populations
that were isolated, recently founded, or that inhabit streams that desiccate frequently. Overall, this work suggested that
Lahontan cutthroat trout populations in stream networks are affected by a combination of landscape and metapopulation processes.
Results also demonstrated that genetic patterns can reveal unexpected processes, even within a system that is well studied
from a conventional ecological perspective. |
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| Keywords: | Bottlenecks Connectivity Cutthroat trout Dispersal Effective population size Founder effects Habitat structure Landscape genetics Metapopulation Oncorhynchus clarkii |
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