| 无膜滴灌栽培条件下不同棉花品种、密度和播期对其生长的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴博,练文明,喻树迅,毛树春,李克富,李卫平.无膜滴灌栽培条件下不同棉花品种、密度和播期对其生长的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2018,55(3):393-404. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴博 练文明 喻树迅 毛树春 李克富 李卫平 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.新疆生产建设兵团第一师农业科学研究所,新疆阿拉尔 843300;2.中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳 455000;3.新疆生产建设兵团第三师农业科学研究所,新疆图木舒克 844000;4.新疆巴州农业科学院,新疆库尔勒 841000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系棉花产业技术体系(CARS-18-50);国家重点研发计划“早中熟机采棉花新品种培育西北内陆优质机采棉花新品种培育”(2017YFD0101603-03);新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目“机采棉配套农艺技术研究与示范”(2016AA001-2) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究无膜滴灌栽培条件下不同棉花品种、密度和播期对其生长的影响,为新疆南疆棉花无膜滴灌栽培技术提供数据支持和理论依据,筛选出适宜的品种、密度和播期。【方法】分别在库尔勒、阿拉尔、图木舒克进行试验,采用无膜滴灌栽培方式和裂-裂区试验设计,研究品种、密度、播期3个因素对棉花生育期、产量构成、农艺性状、干物质积累、纤维品质的影响。【结果】品种和播期对棉花生长影响较大,生育期较短的早熟棉花品种子棉产量较高;播期推迟造成生育期延长,并使子棉产量、单株铃数、衣分、霜前花率逐渐下降,对农艺性状和纤维品质造成一定影响;密度增加造成单株铃数、株高、单株果枝数、单株果节量逐渐下降,对子棉产量、纤维品质未造成显著影响。【结论】棉花品种中619熟性较早,产量较高,可作为新疆南疆无膜滴灌栽培的适宜品种;适宜的播期为4月15~25日;密度22.5×104株/hm2的子棉产量在3个密度中最高,为适宜的种植密度。
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| 关 键 词： | 棉花 无膜栽培 品种 播期 密度 |
Effects of Different Varieties,Densities and Sowing Dates on Cotton of No-Mulching Drip-Irrigated Cultivation in Southern Xinjiang |
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| WU Bo,LIAN Wen-ming,YU Shu-xun,MAO Shu-chun,LI Ke-fu,LI Wei-ping.Effects of Different Varieties,Densities and Sowing Dates on Cotton of No-Mulching Drip-Irrigated Cultivation in Southern Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2018,55(3):393-404. |
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| Authors: | WU Bo LIAN Wen-ming YU Shu-xun MAO Shu-chun LI Ke-fu LI Wei-ping |
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| Institution: | 1.Research Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Agricultural Production Division 1, XPCC, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China; 2. Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang Henan 455000, China; 3. Research Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Agricultural Production Division 3. Tumushuke Xinjiang 844000, China; 4. Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology of Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Korla Xinjiang 841000, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To reveal the effects of varieties, densities and sowing dates under no-mulching drip-irrigated cultivation on the growth of cotton to provide data support and theoretical basis for no-mulching rip-irrigated cultivation techniques in Southern Xinjiang. The suitable varieties, densities and sowing dates were screened.【Method】The experiments were carried out in Korla, Alar and Tumushuke, respectively. The no-mulching drip-irrigated cultivation methods and the split-split plot design were performed to investigate the effects of variety, density, sowing date on growth duration, yield components, agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation and fiber quality of cotton.【Result】Test results proved that the variety and sowing date had great influence on the growth of cotton, and the yield of early-maturing variety of cotton with shorter growth period was higher. With the sowing date postponed, the growth period was prolonged and the seed cotton yield, boll number per plant, lint percentage, ratio of yield before frost decreased gradually, which led to certain effects on agronomic traits and fiber quality. With the increasing of density, the boll number per plant, plant height, the number of fruit branches, fruit node numbers decreased gradually, which had no significant effect on the yield and fiber quality of the seed cotton. 【Conclusion】Zhong No. 619 variety has earlier maturity and high yield, which can be used as a suitable cultivar for no-mulching drip-irrigated cultivation in southern Xinjiang. The suitable sowing date is April 15 to 25. 225,000 plants/hm2 per hectare has the highest yield in the 3 planting densities, which is regarded as a suitable planting density. |
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| Keywords: | cotton no-mulching variety sowing date density |
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