| 陆地棉半矮秆免打顶突变体sd农艺和产量性状的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 周小云,郭刚,马盾.陆地棉半矮秆免打顶突变体sd农艺和产量性状的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2018,55(6):1046-1055. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周小云 郭刚 马盾 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;2.新疆农业职业技术学院,新疆昌吉 831100; |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费项目“蛋白质组学分析GAs调控棉花矮化相关蛋白表达特征”(KYGY2016114)和(KY2017044);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目“陆地棉GA代谢信号通路的相关基因表达特征分析”(2014211A036);国家自然基金项目“菌根吸磷途径对新疆棉花磷吸收效率的贡献”(41461051) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】 研究免打顶对陆地棉半矮秆突变体sd农艺及产量性状的影响,对培育棉花免打顶新品种实现植棉全程机械化。【方法】以新陆早17号及其半矮秆突变体sd为材料,在未打顶化控处理下,比较分析未打顶对半矮秆突变体sd主要农艺和产量性状的影响。【结果】在未打顶化控处理下,突变体sd与其在打顶化控、打顶未化控和未打顶未化控处理下的株高差异显著,而始果枝高、始果枝始节位、主茎节间平均长度等农艺性状差异不显著。【结论】在未打顶化控条件下,突变体sd株型表现稳定,成熟期时平均株高65 cm,后期茎尖生长趋于停止,表现为免打顶效果,而且突变体sd的吐絮集中,敞开度适中,霜前花率高,株型紧凑,始果枝高18 cm以上,主茎节间长度在5~6 cm,平均结铃5.5个,多分布在中部果枝。突变体sd的这些株型特征符合机采棉形态要求,可作为棉花株型育种重要的种质,为培育株高稳定株型适宜的免打顶机采棉品种提供了有效的资源储备。
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| 关 键 词： | 棉花 半矮秆 免打顶 农艺性状 产量性状 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-04-17 |
Research on the Agronomic and Economic Characters of a Semi-Dwarf Mutant -sd in Cotton by Free-Topping |
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| ZHOU Xiao-yun,GUO Gang,MA Dun.Research on the Agronomic and Economic Characters of a Semi-Dwarf Mutant -sd in Cotton by Free-Topping[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2018,55(6):1046-1055. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Xiao-yun GUO Gang MA Dun |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Nuclear and Biotechnologies, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; 2. Xinjiang Vocational College of Agriculture, Changji 831100, China; |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To study the effects of free-topping on the agronomic and yield characters of the semi-dwarf mutant sd in cotton, which is of great theoretical and practical significance for cotton production mechanization.【Method】The cultivated upland cotton variety Xinluzao 17 and its dwarf mutant sd were used as materials. The effects of treatment with non-topping and mepiquat-chloride on agronomical and yield traits of two kinds of cottons were compared.【Result】Under the condition of treatment with non-topping and mepiquat-chloride, compared with other three treatments, the plant heights of the mutant sd were significantly different, but there was no significant difference in other agronomic traits. There was a significant difference in its plant height between non-topping and topping, but there was no significant difference in other agronomic traits such as the height of the starting fruit branch, the beginning branch of the starting fruit branch and the Internode length of main stem.【Conclusion】 Under the condition of treatment with non-toped and mepiquat-chloride, the plant type of the mutant sd is stable, and its average plant height is 65 cm at maturity, and its shoot tip growth tends to stop at the later stage and can be exempted from topping. Moreover, the mutant sd has a good concentration of opening and a moderate opening rate, a high flowering rate before frost, and a compact plant type. Its first fruit height is more than 18 cm. Its main stem internode length is 5-6 cm. Its average number of bolls is 5.5, which is mostly distributed in the middle fruit branch. The morphological characteristics of the mutant sd meet the requirements of the machine-harvesting cotton morphology. It can be used as an important germplasm for cotton plant breeding and provides an effective resource reserve for the cultivation of cotton varieties with stable plant height and suitable mechanically harvested cotton variety without topping variety. |
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| Keywords: | Cotton Semi-dwarf Free-topping Agronomic traits Yield traits |
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