| 生物质炭对猪粪堆肥过程中氮素转化及温室气体排放的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 付祥峰,刘琪琪,李恋卿,潘根兴,郑金伟,张旭辉,程琨.生物质炭对猪粪堆肥过程中氮素转化及温室气体排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(9):1893-1900. |
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| 作者姓名： | 付祥峰 刘琪琪 李恋卿 潘根兴 郑金伟 张旭辉 程琨 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所,南京,210095 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目（CX（12）3039）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目子课题（201303095-11） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解不同比例生物质炭的添加对猪粪和稻草堆肥过程中氮素损失及温室气体排放的影响,监测了堆置过程中铵态氮、硝态氮、氨挥发及温室气体的变化。试验设猪粪秸秆对照(B0)以及猪粪秸秆中添加5%(B1)、10%(B2)、15%(B3)生物质炭共4个处理。结果表明:添加生物质炭能够提高堆体温度,缩短堆肥周期,B3处理的堆体比B0处理提前3 d进入高温期;高温期B0、B1、B2、B3各处理堆体中NH+4含量分别比初始值增加6.6%、41.8%、51.9%、48.6%。与B0相比,添加生物质炭能够显著增加高温期堆体NH+4含量,减少高温期NH+4向NH3的转化,显著降低堆肥过程中的氨挥发,其中B1、B2、B3氨挥发累计量比B0分别减少23.1%、68.6%、78.4%;B2处理与B0相比能够显著减少CO_2排放总量,而B1、B3处理效果不显著,但能够显著减少堆肥过程中CH4的排放;与B0相比,添加生物质炭处理CH4排放总量降低16.3%~23.5%,且可显著降低堆肥过程中N_2O的排放,其中B2、B3的N2O排放总量比B0减少70.7%。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物质炭 猪粪 氮素损失 温室气体 堆肥 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/2/17 0:00:00 |
Effects of biochar on nitrogen transformation and greenhouse gas emissions during swine manure composting |
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| FU Xiang-feng,LIU Qi-qi,LI Lian-qing,PAN Gen-xing,ZHENG Jin-wei,ZHANG Xu-hui and CHENG Kun.Effects of biochar on nitrogen transformation and greenhouse gas emissions during swine manure composting[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2017,36(9):1893-1900. |
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| Authors: | FU Xiang-feng LIU Qi-qi LI Lian-qing PAN Gen-xing ZHENG Jin-wei ZHANG Xu-hui and CHENG Kun |
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| Institution: | Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China,Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China,Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China,Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China,Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China,Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China and Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China |
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| Abstract: | Nitrogen loss and greenhouse gas emissions are the main problems resulting from the composting of livestock manure. To address this issue, a composting experiment with biochar additions of 0%(B0), 5%(B1), 10%(B2), and 15%(B3) was conducted, and ammonium and nitrate concentrations, ammonia volatilization, and greenhouse gas emissions were monitored to investigate the effects of biochar on nitrogen loss and greenhouse gas emissions during the composting of pig manure and straw. The results showed that the addition of biochar could increase the composting temperature, and the thermophilic stage arrived 3 to 5 days in advance of that of the control. NH4+ content under the B0, B1, B2, and B3 treatments was higher by 6.6%, 41.8%, 51.9%, and 48.6% than the initial value, respectively. In addition, the ammonia volatilization was lower by 23.1%, 68.6%, and 78.4% under B1, B2, and B3 treatments than that of the control, respectively. Biochar addition could decrease methane and nitrous oxide emissions by 16.3%~23.5% and 50.2%~70.7%, respectively, while CO2 emissions were significantly decreased by 20.9% under the B2 treatment from that in the control. In summary, the composting period was shortened and the nitrogen loss and greenhouse gas emissions were reduced when applying biochar for manure composting. |
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| Keywords: | biochar swine manure nitrogen loss greenhouse gas composting |
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