| 套作夏玉米根系数量与活性的空间分布及变化规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵秉强,张福锁,李增嘉,李凤超,史春余,张骏,张新春,申加祥,潘海军,赵甲美.套作夏玉米根系数量与活性的空间分布及变化规律[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2003,9(1):81-86. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵秉强 张福锁 李增嘉 李凤超 史春余 张骏 张新春 申加祥 潘海军 赵甲美 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 北京 100081; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(39870524). |
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| 摘 要： | 本文在小麦‖早春玉米/夏玉米超高产种植体系下,研究了套作夏玉米根系数量与活性的空间分布及变化规律,主要结果:(1)套作夏玉米于开花期达到最大根深160cm左右,且120～160cm深层根量持续增长至蜡熟末期。(2)根系数量呈上多下少的T型分布,0～20、20～80、80～120及120～160cm土层分别为根系高密度区、中密度区、低密度区和稀密度区。0～20、20～40及40～80cm土层根量密度大致于开花灌浆期达到最大值,之后呈下降趋势;80～120cm及120～160cm土层分别于灌浆期和蜡熟末期达最大;0～160cm整体根量密度以灌浆期为最大。(3)根系活性在土体中与数量相反呈倒T型分布。随生育进程推进,不同土层根系活性呈小大小变化,并且根系最高活性位点呈下移趋势,拔节期以20～40cm土层最高、大口期和开花期以80～120cm最高、灌浆期和蜡熟末期以120～160cm最高。0～160cm整体根系平均以大口期活性最高。(4)根系TTC还原总量在土体中呈上高下低的T型分布,根据TTC还原总量和总量密度高低,0～20、20～120和120～160cm土层分别为高量高密度区、中量中密度区和低量低密度区。从动态看,120cm以上各土层根系TTC还原总量及总量密度于花期达最大值,120～160cm深层土壤于灌浆期达最大值。0～160cm整体根系的TTC还原总量及总量密度
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| 关 键 词： | 间套作 根系 玉米 |
| 文章编号： | 1008-505X(2003)01-0081-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2002年3月21日 |
Vertical distribution and its change of root quantity and activity of inter-cropped summer maize |
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| ZHAO Bing qiang,ZHANG Fu suo,LI Zeng jia,LI Feng chao,SHI Chun yu,ZHANG Jun,ZHANG Xin chun,SHEN Jia xiang,PAN Hai jun,ZHAO Jia mei.Vertical distribution and its change of root quantity and activity of inter-cropped summer maize[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2003,9(1):81-86. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Bing qiang ZHANG Fu suo LI Zeng jia LI Feng chao SHI Chun yu ZHANG Jun ZHANG Xin chun SHEN Jia xiang PAN Hai jun ZHAO Jia mei |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Soils and Fertilizers;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Beijing 100081;China; |
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| Abstract: | In the "winter wheat‖early spring maize/summer maize" cropping system, the vertical distribution and its change of root quantity and activity of the inter cropped summer maize were studied The main results are as follows: ① The maximum rooting depth of the inter cropped summer maize was about 160 cm and the root quantity in 120～160 cm soil layer continued to increase till the late wax mature stage ② From top to deep soil layers, the vertical distribution of root weight and root weight density shaped like a "T", and 0～20 cm, 20～80 cm, 80～120 cm and 120～160 cm could be classified, respectively, as high, mid, lower and thin root density layers The root density in the soil layers of 0～20 cm, 20～40 cm, and 40～80 cm reached its maximum, respectively, at flowering stage, and decreased afterwards; while that in the soil layers of 80～120 cm and 120～160 cm reached its maximum at milking or late wax mature stage The total (0～160 cm) root quantity and its density reached its peak at milking stage ③ Contrary to the quantity distribution, root activity (TTC reducing capacity) shaped like "⊥" from top to deep soil Peak root activities at jointing, male tetrad, milking, and late wax mature stage occurred in 20～40 cm, 80～120 cm, 120～160 cm soil layer, ie, the highest activity point moved deeper with the advance of growing stages The average root activity of 0～160 cm reached its top point at male tetrad stage ④ The root TTC reducing quantity and its density shaped like "T" on the vertical soil profile, and 0～20 cm, 20～120 cm, and 120～160 cm were classified as high, mid, and lower density layers respectively With the advance of growing stages, the root TTC reducing quantity and its density reached top at flowering stage in 0～120 cm, at milking stage in 120～160 cm The total (0～160 cm) root TTC reducing quantity and its density reached top at flowering stage |
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