| 控缓释肥对木薯生长及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 曹升,禤维言,陈会鲜,王兴伟,青鑫,冯斗.控缓释肥对木薯生长及产量的影响[J].广西农业科学,2014(5):790-795. |
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| 作者姓名： | 曹升 禤维言 陈会鲜 王兴伟 青鑫 冯斗 |
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| 作者单位： | 广西大学农学院,南宁530005 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家星火计划项目（2012GA790001） |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]探讨不同控缓释肥施用量对木薯生长及产量的影响,为木薯高产栽培提供理论依据.方法]以木薯品种桂热4号（GR4）为材料,基肥施用高氮控缓释肥,追肥施用高钾控释肥,按施入等量肥料且N、P2O5、K2O比为2∶1∶3的原则开展试验.设5个处理：各处理中控缓释肥总氮含量占所施肥料总氮含量的比例分别为0（CK）、1/3（A）、1/2（B）、2/3（C）、1（D）.在木薯块根形成期、膨大初期、膨大中期及膨大后期测定木薯的株高、茎粗等农艺性状及叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、可溶性糖含量,在收获期测定木薯块根的经济性状及产量.结果]处理A～D均可促进木薯茎秆增长、增粗,其中处理A增长最大,显著高于对照处理（P＜0.05,下同）,处理A和C增粗较大,显著高于处理D和对照处理.各配施控缓释肥处理的叶片叶绿素含量与对照处理差异不显著（P＞0.05,下同）,处理C和D的叶片叶绿素含量在块根形成期比对照处理显著减少.处理A和B叶片的净光合速率在块根形成期、膨大初期及膨大中期均大于对照处理,在块根膨大初期差异最大.在块根形成期,配施控缓释肥处理叶片的可溶性糖含量与对照差异不显著;在块根膨大初期、膨大中期,处理A～D叶片的可溶性糖含量均高于对照处理,其中处理B差异最大,但差异不显著;在块根膨大后期,配施控缓释肥处理叶片的可溶性糖含量比对照的小,其中处理A、B差异最大,但差异不显著.配施控缓释肥的木薯的经济性状及产量都优于对照,其中处理A、B与对照的差异达显著水平.结论]配施控缓释肥可改善木薯的农艺性状,提高木薯生长关键时期的净光合速率,增加木薯产量.配施控缓释肥的施用比例为1/3～1/2时,木薯增产效果较优.
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| 关 键 词： | 木薯 控缓释肥 生长 产量 |
Effects of controlled/slow-release fertilizer on growth and yield of cassava |
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| CAO Sheng,XUAN Wei-yan,CHEN Hui-xian,WANG Xing-wei,QING Xin,FENG Dou.Effects of controlled/slow-release fertilizer on growth and yield of cassava[J].Guangxi Agricultural Sciences,2014(5):790-795. |
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| Authors: | CAO Sheng XUAN Wei-yan CHEN Hui-xian WANG Xing-wei QING Xin FENG Dou |
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| Institution: | (Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China) |
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| Abstract: | Objective]Effects of different dosages of controlled/slow-release fertilizer on cassava growth and yield were investigated to provide references for cassava high-yield cultivation.Method]The cassava variety GR4 was used as materials.Controlled/slow-release fertilizer of N was used as basal-fertilizer and controlled/slow-release fertilizer of K as top-dressing following the principle.The ratio of N,P2O5 and K2O was kept at 2∶1∶3.There were five treatments with different ratios of N in controlled/slow-release fertilizer over fertilizer total N.The five ratios were 0（CK）,1/3 （A）,1/2 （B）,2/3 （C）and 1 （D）.Plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll content in cassava leaf,net photosynthetic rate,and soluble sugar were measured at root tuber forming period,initial expansion period,middle expansion period,and late expansion period.Economic characters and yield of cassava root tuber were measured at harvest time.Result]Cassava stem growth and enlargement could be achieved in treatment A-D.The biggest increment was observed in treatment,which was significantly higher than that in the control （P＜0.05）.Treatment A and C enlargement were relatively big and significantly higher than D and CK.The chlorophyll content in cassava leaf processed by controlled/slow-release fertilizer was similar to that of the control.At root tuber forming period,the chlorophyll content in treatment C and D was significantly reduced compared with that of the control.Applying controlled/slowrelease fertilizer to A and B,cassava leaf net photosynthetic rate was greater than that of the control at root tuber forming period,initial expansion period,and middle expansion period.The difference was the maximum at initial expansion period.At root tuber forming period,soluble sugar content in cassava leaf treated by controlled/slow-release fertilizer had no difference with the control.At initial and middle expansion period,soluble sugar content in treatment A-D was higher than that of the control with the greatest in treatment B,b |
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| Keywords: | cassava controlled/slow-release fertilizer growing yield |
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