| 渤黄海区域渔船碳排放特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 鲁峰,徐硕,李丹,刘慧媛,朱勇,崔国辉.渤黄海区域渔船碳排放特征[J].农业工程学报,2022,38(24):169-179. |
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| 作者姓名： | 鲁峰 徐硕 李丹 刘慧媛 朱勇 崔国辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国水产科学研究院渔业工程研究所,北京 100141;2. 崂山实验室,青岛 266237 |
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| 基金项目： | 崂山实验室科技创新项目（LSKJ202201800）;中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项"渔船活动诱导的温室气体排放时空变化特征研究"（2023HY-ZC004） |
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| 摘 要： | 渔船二氧化碳排放是全球温室气体排放评估中通常被忽视的领域,在全球变暖过程中具有不可忽略的驱动作用。渤黄海是中国重要的海上粮仓和生态环境治理区域,查明渤黄海渔船生产作业过程对温室气体排放贡献较大的环节,对区域碳循环研究、碳排放管理及减排降碳措施制定具有重要意义。为探明渤黄海区域海洋渔船二氧化碳排放的时空变化特征,揭示渔业生产活动对气候变暖的影响程度,该研究基于2020至2021年的海量渔船管理及动态船位数据,提取了航段位移、航段内渔船航速、发动机负荷因子、排放因子等状态参数,构建了渔船二氧化碳排放动态计算模型,分析了渤黄海区域9种作业类型渔船的二氧化碳排放强度,给出了渔船年度及月度排放的空间分布特征。结果表明：1）渤黄海区域各类机动渔船在2020和2021年的二氧化碳排放总量分别为450万和945万t,总体呈现出近岸低、外海高的分布特征,热点区域主要分布在渤海湾渔场、滦河口渔场、海东渔场、烟威渔场、石岛渔场、石东渔场、海州湾渔场及大沙渔场。2）拖网和刺网渔船是二氧化碳年度累计排放的主要贡献者,但就单船单位航行时长二氧化碳排放量而言,辅助船最高,围网渔船次之。3）不同年份相同月份的渔船二氧化碳排放空间分布呈现出一定的相似性,伏季休渔期开始前强碳源主要出现在黄海中南部区域,休渔期结束后强碳源主要出现渤海中部、山东半岛东部以及黄海中部海域一带,年度内渔船二氧化碳排放重心总体上是由沿岸海域向中部开阔海域方向扩散。该研究通过渔船动静态异质数据推演二氧化碳的时空变化,对评估渔业生产所引起的气候效应具有理论指导作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 二氧化碳排放 捕捞渔船 数据挖掘 温室气体 气候变暖 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/8/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/12/8 0:00:00 |
Carbon emissions from fishing vessels in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea |
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| Lu Feng,Xu Shuo,Li Dan,Liu Huiyuan,Zhu Yong,Cui Guohui.Carbon emissions from fishing vessels in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2022,38(24):169-179. |
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| Authors: | Lu Feng Xu Shuo Li Dan Liu Huiyuan Zhu Yong Cui Guohui |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, China; 2. Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Carbon dioxide emission from fishing vessels is usually neglected in global greenhouse gas emission assessment, which plays an important role in driving global warming. The Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea is an essential marine granary and eco-environmental governance area in China. Then it is momentous to identify the productive processes of fishing vessels that contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emission, which will help to reduce carbon emissions and develop carbon emission policy. In order to exploring the spatiotemporal characteristics of carbon dioxide emissions from fishing vessels in Bohai sea and the Yellow sea and revealing the impact of fishery production activities on climate warming, a dynamic calculation model of carbon dioxide emissions from fishing vessels was established based on vessel management and position data, and the carbon dioxide emissions intensity and spatiotemporal characteristics of 9 types of fishing vessels in Bohai sea and the Yellow sea from 2020 to 2021 was analyzed. Results showed that: 1) The total carbon dioxide emissions of all types of fishing vessels in Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in 2020 and 2021 was 4.5 million tons and 9.45 million tons, respectively, showing the distribution characteristics of low nearshore and high offshore. Hot spots were mainly distributed in the Bohai Bay fishing ground, Luanhekou Fishing ground, Haidong Fishing ground, Yanwei Fishing ground, Shidao Fishing ground, Shidong Fishing ground, Haizhou Bay Fishing ground and Daisha Fishing ground. Taking the yield data into account, every ton of fishing catches emited approximately 1.57 and 3.27 tons of carbon dioxide respectively in 2020 and 2021. 2) Trawler and gillnet fishing vessels were the main contributors to the total carbon dioxide emissions, accounting for more than 70% of the total emissions from all fishing vessels. However, in terms of emissions per vessel per unit sailing time, auxiliary vessels are the highest, followed by purse seiner vessels. Carbon dioxide emissions per unit sailing time from single vessel in 2020 and 2021 were similar for trawler, gillnet, stow net, purse seine, auxiliary and unknown types, but significantly different for line, aquaculture and other types. 3) The spatial distribution of carbon dioxide emissions from fishing vessels in the same month in different years showed certain similarities, and the hot spots exhibited a strong spatial difference. Firstly, the hot spots mainly occurred in the central and southern part of the Yellow Sea from January to April, and there was a belt high value area extending southeast from Haizhou Bay to the East China Sea. Then, there was almost no carbon dioxide emission distribution in the offshore area from May to August. Eventually, the hot spots shifted to the central Bohai Sea, the eastern Shandong Peninsula and the central Yellow Sea from September to December. In general, the center of gravity of carbon dioxide emission from fishing vessels transferred from coastal waters to central open waters. The finding can provide a theoretical basis for the transformation of fisheries to low carbon. Based on the research conclusions, the countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to reduce the carbon emissions of Chinese fishing vessels. Above all, accelerate the transformation of fishery production methods and product formats. Secondly, strengthen the carbon emission management of key fishing vessels and key areas. In the end, accelerate the establishment of a carbon emission assessment and accounting system for fishing vessels. |
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| Keywords: | carbon dioxide emissions fishing vessel data mining greenhouse gas climate warming |
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