| 北京市农业机械化技术发展现状 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋晓,张武斌,贾利涛,杨学坤,吕亚州.北京市农业机械化技术发展现状[J].中国农机化学报,2021,42(8):227. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋晓 张武斌 贾利涛 杨学坤 吕亚州 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京农业职业学院机电工程学院;北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站; |
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| 基金项目： | 全国经济管理院校工业技术学研究会项目(19GYJS012) |
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| 摘 要： | 北京市农业发展以高新技术型、集约化、标准化、生态化的都市型现代农业为目标,建设农业机械化全国农机科技新高地。采用走访调研、文献资料对比分析等方法,将北京市目前拥有的农业机械分为生态、粮经、蔬菜、林果、畜牧养殖、水产养殖、农产品初加工七大产业类,论述各产业机械化技术发展现状,研究各自的发展特点,总体处于减速稳定、减量提质发展阶段。目前存在区域、产业间不均衡,装备结构性过剩,利用率低,先进智能农机装备发展不足等问题。未来发展趋势是生态农业、绿色农业、智慧农业等方面智能化技术及装备的推广应用。以农机农艺融合、机械化信息化融合为发展方向,提供全程机械化技术装备集成技术方案,提高薄弱环节农机装备水平。
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| 关 键 词： | 北京市 农业机械化 智慧农业 生态农业 全程机械化 |
Development status on agricultural mechanization technology in Beijing |
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| Abstract: | Beijings agricultural development aims at a high tech, intensive, standardized, and ecological urban modern agriculture that creates new high standards of agricultural mechanization in the country for agricultural machinery science and technology. This consists of research and analysis of the development status of agricultural mechanization technology and equipment in Beijing, summing up experience and exploring future market demand, discovering new problems in the development of agricultural mechanization, and developing and applying new technologies in a targeted manner, which will contribute to the development of Beijings agricultural modernization and the intelligent agricultural equipment of the institute. Vocational education provides references. This article used methods such as visits, surveys, and comparative analysis of literature data to divide the agricultural machinery currently owned in Beijing into seven major industries: ecology, food economy, vegetables, forest and fruit, animal husbandry, aquaculture, and primary processing of agricultural products, and discussions were done for each industry. The current state of mechanized technology and equipment with respect to their respective development characteristics shows that it is generally in the stage of slowing down and stabilizing, reducing the quantity, and improving quality. There are problems such as imbalance between regions and industries, structural surplus of equipment, low utilization rate, and insufficient development of advanced intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment. The future development trend is the popularization and application of intelligent technologies and equipment in ecological agriculture, green agriculture, and smart agriculture. Taking the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy and the integration of mechanization and information technology as the development direction, this research provides integrated technical solutions for the whole process of mechanization technology and equipment and improves the level of agricultural machinery, and equipment in weak links. |
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| Keywords: | Beijing agricultural mechanization smart agriculture ecological agriculture full mechanization |
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