| 饲料油菜与牧草混合冬播效应研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王旺年,王宗凯,汪 波,郭安国,杨 华,刘 芳,蒯 婕,傅廷栋,周广生.饲料油菜与牧草混合冬播效应研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2019,41(3):317. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王旺年 王宗凯 汪 波 郭安国 杨 华 刘 芳 蒯 婕 傅廷栋 周广生 |
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| 作者单位： | １．华中农业大学植物科技学院，农业部长江中游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室，湖北武汉，４３００７０；
２．湖北省畜牧兽医局，湖北武汉，４３００７０；
３．湖北省畜禽育种中心，湖北武汉，４３００７０；
４．全国农技推广中心油料处，北京，１００１２５ |
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| 基金项目： | 华中农业大学自主创新基金（0900201602，2662016PY007）；华中农业大学大北农青年学者提升专项（2017DBN021）；国家科技支撑计划（2014BAD11B00）；湖北省技术创新专项重大项目（2017ABA064） |
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| 摘 要： | 为缓解冬季饲料作物缺乏的压力，改进冬季饲草的生产模式，提高饲草油菜的品质和种植效益，通过设置小区试验，将双低甘蓝型油菜（Brassica napus L.）分别与紫云英、黑麦草和光叶苕子等冬季牧草按比例混播，测定各处理的生物学产量、粗蛋白含量等指标，探寻油菜与牧草混播技术的可行性。结果表明，油菜与光叶苕子、紫云英、黑麦草的混播效应存在显著差异。（1）光叶苕子与油菜混播均可以提高饲草的鲜样总产量，且在密度按1:4（油菜按15 000株/hm2的播种量）混播时，各取样时期的饲料鲜、干样产量均较高，油菜终花期时该处理的粗蛋白产量显著高于其他处理。（2）与紫云英混播，也可提高饲料油菜的鲜样产量，但差异不显著，且紫云英因光照不足，油菜初花期时已全部死亡。（3）与黑麦草混播后，饲料鲜样产量、粗蛋白产量均显著下降。因此，油菜与光叶苕子混播是进一步提高长江流域冬季饲料作物生产效应的有效模式。
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| 关 键 词： | 饲料油菜 混播 生物学产量 粗蛋白含量 效益 |
Benefits of mixed cropping of forage rapeseed with other forage crops |
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| WANG Wang-nian,WANG Zong-kai,WANG Bo,GUO An-guo,YANG Hua,LIU Fang,KUAI Jie,FU Ting-dong,ZHOU Guang-sheng.Benefits of mixed cropping of forage rapeseed with other forage crops[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2019,41(3):317. |
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| Authors: | WANG Wang-nian WANG Zong-kai WANG Bo GUO An-guo YANG Hua LIU Fang KUAI Jie FU Ting-dong ZHOU Guang-sheng |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming Systems in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture; Wuhan 430070, China;
2. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau, Wuhan 430070, China;
3. Animal Breeding Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China;
4. National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Beijing 100125, China |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to cover the shortage of forage crop in winter and to increase the biomass yield and the quality of forage rapeseed by improving the planting pattern of winter forage crop. In this study, rapeseed was sown after mixing with milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus), ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) in different mixed ratios. The plot experiments were conducted to measure the biomass, CP, C and N content of each treatment, exploring the feasibility of mixed cropping of forage rapeseed with other forage crops. The results showed that there were significant differences among the mixed cropping of forage rapeseed with milk vetch, ryegrass and hairy vetch. (1) Forage rapeseed mixed with hairy vetch in all different ratios increased the biomass. Mixed cropping at the ratio 1:4 could obtain higher biomass and dry weight than the other ratios under different stages, and which also improved CP significantly at the final flowering stage. (2) Forage rapeseed mixed with milk vetch could increase the biomass of forage rapeseed with no significant difference. The milk vetch mixed with forage rapeseed died at the late stage due to the weak light. (3) Forage rapeseed mixed cropped with ryegrass decreased the biomass and CP. Therefore, forage rapeseed mixed cropped with hairy vetch was proven an effective system to improve the benefit of winter forage production in the Yangtze River Valley. |
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| Keywords: | forage rapeseed (Brassica napus L ) mixed cropping biomass crude protein benefit |
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