| 三江源区土壤重金属的累积特征及潜在生态风险评价——以青海省玉树县为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 何林华,高小红.三江源区土壤重金属的累积特征及潜在生态风险评价——以青海省玉树县为例[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(6):1071-1080. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何林华 高小红 |
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| 作者单位： | 青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院,青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,青藏高原环境与资源教育部重点实验室,西宁810008 |
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| 基金项目： | 青海省自然科学基金项目(2011-Z-903);国家自然科学基金项目(40861022);青海省“人才小高地”建设项目(2015);青海省重点实验室发展专项:青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室(2014-Z-Y24,2015-Z-Y01);青海师范大学校创新基金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解三江源代表性区域玉树县土壤重金属污染状况,评估土壤重金属潜在生态风险,以玉树县采集的121个土壤样本中的重金属含量数据为基础,采用地累积指数和潜在生态危害指数法对土壤重金属含量进行分析和潜在风险评价。结果表明:玉树县表层土壤重金属含量均超过青海省1990年背景值,其中As、Cd和Hg出现了较强的的富集现象,同时As、Cd超出国家土壤环境质量一级标准,表明三江源区土壤重金属环境自20世纪90年代以来部分元素出现了过度富集;来源分析表明,玉树县土壤重金属As、Pb、Zn和Cd主要与成土因素有关,Hg、Cu和Cr受人类活动影响较大,Mn来源于气候的影响;潜在生态风险评价表明:土壤中Cd和Hg的危害最大,尤其是Hg已出现了很强风险和极强风险,这些风险主要分布在国道214沿线人口聚集的城镇和地段,与人类活动有着密切的关系。在各子流域中,江曲流域土壤重金属属于强风险,其他区域均属于中等风险。总体而言,玉树县土壤重金属环境已发生了改变,今后应加强人口聚集区Hg源的控制,以保护其生态环境。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤重金属 地累积指数 潜在生态危害指数 生态风险评价 玉树县 三江源区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/11/8 0:00:00 |
Assessment of potential ecological risk for soil heavy metals in Sanjiang Source Region:A case study of Yushu County, Qinghai Province |
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| HE Lin-hua and GAO Xiao-hong.Assessment of potential ecological risk for soil heavy metals in Sanjiang Source Region:A case study of Yushu County, Qinghai Province[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2016,35(6):1071-1080. |
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| Authors: | HE Lin-hua and GAO Xiao-hong |
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| Institution: | The Key Laboratory for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Environment and Resources of Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences and Geography, Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environment Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China and The Key Laboratory for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Environment and Resources of Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences and Geography, Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environment Process, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China |
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| Abstract: | The Sanjiang Source Region is the sources of Yangtze River, Yellow River and Lancang River, and Yushu County, Qinghai, is a typical area of this region. An investigation was conducted to evaluate potential ecological risks of heavy metals in soils in Yushu County. A total of 121 soil samples were collected. Geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution. Results indicated that content of heavy metals in soils was higher than the background values of soil heavy metals in Qinghai Province in 1990, with As, Cd and Hg showing significant enrichments and Cd and As exceeding the national standards of soil environmental quality. This indicated that the enrichments of some soil heavy metals in Sanjiang Source Region since the 1990''s. Source analysis showed that soil As, Pb, Zn and Cd in Yushu county were derived from soil forming factors; while Hg, Cu, and Cr mainly came from human activities. Manganese was influenced by climate factors. Soil Cd and Hg showed the greatest potential ecological risk, especially Hg. These risks were mainly distributed in the towns or areas along the national highway 214, which was closely related to human activities. Of all watersheds, Jiangqu River watershed had very high ecological risk of soil heavy metals, while the others were medium risk. Overall, heavy metals in Yushu county soils had changed greatly, and the protection of the ecological environment in Yushu County should be strengthened, with special attention paid to control over Hg sources in the densely populated areas. |
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| Keywords: | soil heavy metal geo-accumulation index potential ecological risk assessment Yushu County Sanjiang Source Region |
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