| 基于污染损失率法的土壤重金属污染评价及经济损失估算 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘静,黄标,孙维侠,王志刚,胡文友.基于污染损失率法的土壤重金属污染评价及经济损失估算[J].农业环境保护,2011(6):1087-1093. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘静 黄标 孙维侠 王志刚 胡文友 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [3]长江科学院水土保持研究所,武汉430010 |
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| 摘 要： | 半定量或定量估算土壤污染造成的经济损失,对开展土壤环境质量评价工作具有重要意义。以长三角典型区张家港市蔬菜地为例,在分析蔬菜地土壤中Cd、As、Cr和Cu4种重金属含量及其变化趋势的基础上,以该地区土壤重金属的基线值为基准,运用污染损失率法,初步估算了重金属污染损失率（重金属污染对土壤的损害程度,%）和土壤进行蔬菜种植利用时的重金属污染经济损失量（万元·a^-1）,并预测了未来10a和20a重金属污染经济损失量。结果表明,张家港市蔬菜地各单项重金属污染损失率在1.00%-1.67%之间,综合重金属污染损失率为5.02%,土壤重金属污染总体较轻,污染等级整体为Ⅱ级,属于尚清洁水平。但如果按照目前重金属积累的趋势发展下去,随着蔬菜种植年限的增加和种植面积的扩大,综合重金属污染损失率将呈不断增加的趋势,导致重金属污染经济损失量不断增加,2009年重金属污染经济损失量约为1998万元·a^-1,2029年将增加到5532万元·a^-1。因此,需要对蔬菜生产系统中重金属的来源进行有效控制,以降低土壤重金属的积累,减少由此带来的经济损失。
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| 关 键 词： | 重金属 污染评价 重金属污染损失率 重金属污染经济损失量 预测 |
Pollution Assessment and Economic Loss Estimation of Soil Heavy Metals Based on Pollution Loss Rate Model |
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| LIU Jing,HUANG Biao,SUN Wei-xia,WANG Zhi-gang,HU Wen-you.Pollution Assessment and Economic Loss Estimation of Soil Heavy Metals Based on Pollution Loss Rate Model[J].Agro-Environmental Protection,2011(6):1087-1093. |
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| Authors: | LIU Jing HUANG Biao SUN Wei-xia WANG Zhi-gang HU Wen-you |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China; 2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 3. Soil and Water Conservation Institute, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China ) |
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| Abstract: | Semi-quantitatively or quantitatively estimating pollution economic loss has an important significance for assessing soil environmental quality. Taking the vegetable fields in Zhangjiagang City as an example and determining the concentrations and time trends of Cd, As, Cr and Cu in soils, this paper（i ） roughly estimated the heavy metal pollution loss rates, the soil damaging degree caused by heavy metal pollution （%）, based on the soil geochemical baselines of this city and pollution loss rate model and the heavy metal pollution economic loss （million Yuan.a^-1） when soils were utilized to cultivate vegetables, and （it） predicted heavy metal pollution economic loss in next 10 a and 20 a. The results showed that the individual heavy metal pollution loss rates were ranged from 1.00% to 1.67% with 5.02% of the integrated ones, indicating that the soil heavy metal pollution in the vegetable fields was weak and clean level（ Ⅱ level） as a whole. However, if the present accumulation trends of heavy metals continued, the integrated heavy metal pollution loss rates and pollution economic loss would in- crease with the expansion of vegetable cultivation and the increase of planting years. The integrated heavy metal pollution economic loss would increase from 19.98 million Yuan＇a i in 2009 to 55.32 million Yuan ·a^-1 in 2029. Thus, the effective measures should be taken to con- trol the sources of heavy metals in order to reduce heavy metals accumulation in vegetable production systems, and in order to decrease the heavy metal pollution economic loss in vegetable fields. |
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| Keywords: | heavy metals pollution assessment heavy metal pollution loss rate heavy metal pollution economic loss prediction |
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