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喷雾助剂类型及浓度对喷头雾化效果影响
引用本文:张瑞瑞,张真,徐刚,陈立平,Andrew J Hewitt.喷雾助剂类型及浓度对喷头雾化效果影响[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(20):36-43.
作者姓名:张瑞瑞  张真  徐刚  陈立平  Andrew J Hewitt
作者单位:1.北京农业智能装备技术研究中心,北京 100097; 2. 国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心,北京 100097; 3. 国家农业航空应用技术国际联合研究中心,北京 100097;,2. 国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心,北京 100097; 3. 国家农业航空应用技术国际联合研究中心,北京 100097; 4. 山东农业大学信息科学与工程学院,泰安 271018;,1.北京农业智能装备技术研究中心,北京 100097; 2. 国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心,北京 100097; 3. 国家农业航空应用技术国际联合研究中心,北京 100097;,1.北京农业智能装备技术研究中心,北京 100097; 2. 国家农业智能装备工程技术研究中心,北京 100097; 3. 国家农业航空应用技术国际联合研究中心,北京 100097;,5. 昆士兰大学施药技术与安全研究中心,昆士兰 4072;
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31601228);北京市科技新星计划项目(Z181100006218029);北京市农林科学院2018创新能力建设专项(KJCX20180424)
摘    要:为达到农药减施增效的目的,助剂逐渐成为农药喷洒过程中必不可少的部分,其效果及浓度直接影响着施药过程中农药利用率。为探索不同助剂及浓度对喷头雾化效果的影响,该文利用激光粒度仪比较分析了IDK120-025型和LU120-015型喷头喷施不同浓度典型增效剂意欧、减量增产助剂激健、尿素时,其雾滴体积中径及雾滴分布相对跨度差异。两款喷头应用广泛,喷雾角度相同、喷腔雾化结构相异。结果表明:3种助剂溶液对IDK120-025型喷头的影响效果相比于LU120-015型喷头更为显著,但是LU120-015喷头喷雾雾滴均匀性较优于IDK120-025。激健溶液配比为1:3 000时,在0.4 MPa喷雾压力条件下,与水相比可将IDK喷头雾滴体积中径增加20.43%,粒径分布相对跨度减小1.74%;意欧溶液配比为1:2 000时,在0.4 MPa喷雾压力条件下,与水相比可将IDK喷头雾滴体积中径增加11.10%,粒径分布相对跨度减小8.86%;意欧溶液配比1:3 000时,在0.2 MPa喷雾压力条件下,与水相比可将LU喷头雾滴体积中径减小5.99%,粒径分布相对跨度增大1.56%;尿素溶液在配比1:2 000时,在0.4 MPa喷雾压力条件下,与水相比可将IDK喷头雾滴体积中径增加16.92%,粒径分布相对跨度减小6.92%。该试验可为田间农药施用中助剂及喷头的选择提供依据,为进一步研究喷头及助剂提供数据基础。

关 键 词:喷雾  农药  喷头  助剂  雾化  雾滴粒径
收稿时间:2018/4/15 0:00:00
修稿时间:2018/7/30 0:00:00

Effect of spray adjuvant types and concentration on nozzle atomization
Zhang Ruirui,Zhang Zhen,Xu Gang,Chen Liping and Andrew J Hewitt.Effect of spray adjuvant types and concentration on nozzle atomization[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(20):36-43.
Authors:Zhang Ruirui  Zhang Zhen  Xu Gang  Chen Liping and Andrew J Hewitt
Institution:1. Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 2. National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 3. National Center for International Research on Agricultural Aerial Application Technology, Beijing 100097, China;,2. National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 3. National Center for International Research on Agricultural Aerial Application Technology, Beijing 100097, China; 4. College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;,1. Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 2. National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 3. National Center for International Research on Agricultural Aerial Application Technology, Beijing 100097, China;,1. Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 2. National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 3. National Center for International Research on Agricultural Aerial Application Technology, Beijing 100097, China; and 5. Centre for Pesticide Application and Safety, University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072, Australia;
Abstract:In order to achieve the purpose of reducing pesticide application while increasing efficacy, adjuvant has become an essential part of pesticide application process. The application amount of adjuvant directly affects the pesticide utilization. In order to study the effects of adjuvant on volume median diameter (VMD) of spray droplet and relative span of droplet size, a laser diffraction system was used to investigate the spray droplet characteristics of different adjuvants with different hydraulic nozzles. Three different adjuvants were tested with 2 types of nozzles, IDK120-025 and LU120-015, under laboratory conditions. The 3 adjuvants used in the experiment were Italy, Jijian and Urea. Italy and Jijian are standard adjuvants. Urea is a kind of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, and when it is dissolved in water the liquid becomes cloudy. Generally it is applied to aerial spraying solution to increase droplet settlement. As Urea does not belong to the standard adjuvants, its effect on the atomization of the liquid is not yet clear, and solving this problem is also one of the experimental purposes of this experiment. Italy and Urea are powdery and Jijian is liquid form. IDK nozzle and LU nozzle are widely used in the spraying, and the nozzle size and spray angle are the same, but the spay chamber atomization structure is different. The internal structure design of the IDK nozzle utilizes the Venturi principle to mix the spray liquid with the air inside the nozzle to make the ejected droplets become small bubbles. Studies have shown that changes in the physical and chemical properties of the spray liquid system play a decisive role in the correlation between the liquid film length and droplet size. Because the difference in physical and chemical properties of tap water and distilled water may affect the particle size of droplets, the experiment also uses tap water and distilled water as the experimental control groups. The results show that the 3 adjuvants have a more significant effect on IDK120-025. However, the spray mist droplet uniformity of LU120-015 nozzle is better than IDK120-025 nozzle. When the concentration ratio of Jijian solution is 1:3000, the VMD of droplets sprayed by IDK nozzle can be increased by 20.43% compared to water at a pressure of 0.4 MPa, and the relative span of droplet size can be reduced by 1.74%. When the concentration ratio of Italy solution is 1:2000, the VMD of droplets sprayed by IDK nozzle can be increased by 11.10% compared to water at a pressure of 0.4 MPa, and the relative span of droplet size can be reduced by 8.86%. When the concentration ratio of Italy solution is 1:3000, the VMD of droplets sprayed by LU nozzle can be reduced by 5.99% compared to water at a pressure of 0.2 MPa, and the relative span of droplets size can be increased by 1.56%. When the concentration ratio of Urea solution is 1:2 000, the VMD of droplets sprayed by IDK nozzle can be increased by 16.92% compared to water at a pressure of 0.4 MPa, and the relative span of droplet size can be reduced by 6.92%. According to the ASABE S572.1 standard to evaluate the result of the experiment, the spray quality of IDK nozzle is focused on medium and coarse grades, the VMD of droplets is large and the difficulty of retention on wet leave surface is moderate, and the drift potential is at medium level. The spray quality of LU nozzle is focused on fine grade, the VMD of droplets is small and the retention ability on wet leave surface is good, but the drift potential is high. This experiment can provide foundation for the selection of adjuvants and nozzles in field pesticide application, and provide the data basis for further research on new nozzles and adjuvants.
Keywords:spraying  pesticides  nozzles  adjuvant  atomization  spray droplet size
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