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| 不同施氮方式对甘蔗氮肥效率及氮素去向的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 韦剑锋,韦冬萍,陈超君,蓝立斌,刘欢雨,梁和.不同施氮方式对甘蔗氮肥效率及氮素去向的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(2):213-218. |
| 作者姓名： | 韦剑锋 韦冬萍 陈超君 蓝立斌 刘欢雨 梁和 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 广西工学院鹿山学院,广西柳州545616;广西工学院,广西柳州545006 2. 广西工学院鹿山学院,广西柳州,545616 3. 广西大学,广西南宁,530005 |
| 摘 要： | 以新台糖22号(ROC22)为试材,通过网室盆栽试验方法,在总施氮量(15N标记尿素5g/盆,相当于450kg·hm-2)相同条件下,研究了全部基施(T1)、50%基施+50%在分蘖期追施(T2)和30%基肥+30%在分蘖期追施+40%在伸长期追施(T3)3种施氮方式对甘蔗氮肥效率与氮素去向的影响。结果表明:甘蔗吸收的氮素约18%～29%来源于当季施用的尿素氮,71%～82%来自土壤和种茎氮;氮肥利用率为21.0%～34.52%,残留率为37.61%～44.13%,有21.35%～41.39%的氮素损失。3种施氮方式下,氮肥残留在0～20cm土层较多,在20～40cm残留较少。随氮肥施用时间后移,甘蔗吸收的氮素、来源于肥料氮素的比率、氮肥利用率、氮肥残留率、蔗茎产量及产糖量明显增加,而氮肥损失率显著下降,蔗茎的氮素分配率和蔗糖分积累略呈下降趋势,同时氮素在0～20cm土层的残留呈上升趋势,在20～40cm土层呈下降趋势。从经济效益和环境效益考虑,T3施氮方式的效果较为理想。 |
| 关 键 词： | 甘蔗 土壤 施氮方法 15N标记 氮肥去向 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-01-18 |
| 修稿时间： | 2012-06-12 |
Effect of Different Nitrogen Application Types on Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Fate of Fertilizer for Sugacane |
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| WEI Jian-feng,WEI Dong-ping,CHE Chao-jun,LAN Li-bin,LIU Huan-yu,LIANG He.Effect of Different Nitrogen Application Types on Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Fate of Fertilizer for Sugacane[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2013,27(2):213-218. | |
| Authors: | WEI Jian-feng WEI Dong-ping CHE Chao-jun LAN Li-bin LIU Huan-yu LIANG He |
| Institution: | 1. Lushan College of Guangxi University of Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545616;2. Guangxi University of Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545006;3. Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530005 |
| Abstract: | A pot experiment in greenhouse was conducted with 15N-labeled urea 5g/pot (equal to 450kg·hm-2) total nitrogen by three kinds of treatments of disposable bottom application nitrogen before sowing (T1), 50% nitrogen before sowing and 50% nitrogrn during tillering stage(T2), and 30% nitrogen before sowing, 30% nitrogen during tillering stage and 40% nitrogen applied during elongation stage (T3) to investigate the use efficiency and fate of fertilizer nitrogen using the sugarcane cultivar ROC22. Results showed that almost 18%～29% of total N uptake by sugarcane was supplied by fertilizer,and 71%～82% N derived from soil and seed-stem. Nitrogen use efficiency ranged from 21.0% to 34.52%, with 15N-fertilizer residue of 37.61%～44.13%, and 15N-fertilizer loss of 21.35%～41.39% among three treatments. Under the three levels of nitrogen application, residual was 15N-fertilizer was mainly distributed in 0～20cm top soil. The uptake of nitrogen and the proportion of total N from fertilizer in sugarcane plant, the yield of stalk and sugar after the nitrogen applied, and the use efficiency and residue ratio of 15N-fertilizer increased significantly over time, while loss rate of 15N-fertilizer decreased significantly with a slight decline trend of nitrogen distributtion and sucrose accumulation in stalk. The results also indicated that after the nitrogen applied the amounts 15N-fertilizer residue in 0～20 cm top soil showed a rising trend, but dropped in 20～40cm soil profile. From the viewpoints of economic benefit and ecological benefit, the nitrogen fertilizer applied of T3 could be optimal treatment. |
| Keywords: | Sugarcane soil " target="_blank">15N-labeledzz')" href="#"> 15N-labeled Nitrogen application types Fate of fertilizer N |
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