| 地黄强致病型病原菌的分离及其专化型鉴定 |
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| 引用本文： | 李振方,杨燕秋,吴林坤,舒 阳,赵永坡,黄伟明,张重义,林文雄.地黄强致病型病原菌的分离及其专化型鉴定[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(11):1426-1433. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李振方 杨燕秋 吴林坤 舒 阳 赵永坡 黄伟明 张重义 林文雄 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 福建农林大学作物科学学院 福州 350002 2. 福建农林大学农业生态研究所 福州 350002;福建农林大学农业生态研究所 福州 350002;福建农林大学农业生态研究所 福州 350002;福建农林大学农业生态研究所 福州 350002;福建农林大学农业生态研究所 福州 350002;福建农林大学农业生态研究所 福州 350002;福建农林大学作物科学学院 福州 350002;福建农林大学农业生态研究所 福州 350002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2012CB126309)、国家自然基金联合基金项目(U1205021)和国家自然科学基金项目(31201694)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探索地黄连作栽培中真菌病害的大规模爆发机制, 明确自毒物质所介导的土壤病原菌增多的根际生物学过程, 本研究利用PDA平板法, 经过显微鉴定和真菌ITS鉴定分析, 从地黄连作土壤和发病植株中分离到镰刀菌菌株31株, 并进行了致病性检测。结果表明, 串珠镰刀(菌株编号RPP009)、茄病镰刀(菌株编号CCS013)、禾谷镰刀(菌株编号CCS024)、雪霉叶枯病菌(菌株编号CCS038)和尖孢镰刀(菌株编号CCS043)在接种3 d后就表现出明显的致病能力, 严重影响地黄幼苗的株高(为对照的23.40%~30.20%)和植株鲜重(为对照的23.58%~38.94%), 并引起地黄植株变黄畸形, 根毛和须根减少, 在接种2周后致使全部植株枯萎死亡, 具有很强的致病性。专化型鉴定表明, 菌株Fusarium oxysporum (菌株编号CCS043)和Monographella nivale (菌株编号CCS038)只侵染地黄, 不侵染其他试验材料, 植株感病初期在中午时分下部叶片缺水萎蔫, 早晚又有所恢复, 如此反复, 至3~5 d, 叶片则不能恢复正常直立, 枯萎死亡。镜检发现, 感病植株茎部维管束变褐色至暗褐色, 后逐渐导致周围海绵组织破裂, 进而致使地下块根逐渐变黑腐烂, 初步判定两株菌株为地黄专化型病原菌。
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| 关 键 词： | 地黄 根际微生态 镰刀菌 连作障碍 病原真菌 |
| 收稿时间： | 4/2/2013 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 9/5/2013 12:00:00 AM |
Isolation of highly pathogenic pathogens and identification of formae speciales of Rehmannia glutinosa L. |
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| LI Zhen-Fang,YANG Yan-Qiu,WU Lin-Kun,SHU Yang,ZHAO Yong-Po,HUANG Wei-Ming,ZHANG Zhong-Yi and LIN Wen-Xiong.Isolation of highly pathogenic pathogens and identification of formae speciales of Rehmannia glutinosa L.[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2013,21(11):1426-1433. |
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| Authors: | LI Zhen-Fang YANG Yan-Qiu WU Lin-Kun SHU Yang ZHAO Yong-Po HUANG Wei-Ming ZHANG Zhong-Yi and LIN Wen-Xiong |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China 2. Institute of Agroecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Institute of Agroecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Institute of Agroecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Institute of Agroecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Institute of Agroecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Institute of Agroecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;School of Crop Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Institute of Agroecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China |
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| Abstract: | Rehmannia glutinosa is an important medicinal plant in China that requires 8 10 years plastochrone for replanting, making it almost impossible for continuous cropping. Previous studies had shown that soil-borne diseases caused by microbial imbalance in rhizosphere microecology were the main obstacles to continuous cropping of R. glutinosa. However, little has been reported on the identification of formae speciales of R. glutinosa. Thus this study used the PDA-plate method after microscopic identification and analysis of ITS fungi identification to successfully screen 31 strains of Fusarium from soil under continuous cropping of R. glutinosa. Pathogenic detection results showed that strain Fusarium moniliforme (No. RPP009), F. solani (No. CCS013), F. graminearum (No. CCS024), Monographella nivalis (No. CCS038) and F. oxysporum (No. CCS043) were highly pathogenic. These strains severely decreased the height (by 23.40%~30.20% compared with CK) and fresh weight (by 23.58%~38.94% compared with CK) of R. glutinosa seedlings within 3 days after inoculation, subsequently causing organ deformation and death after 2 weeks. Further host biotype identification test results showed that F. oxysporum (No. CCS043) and M. nivalis (No. CCS038) strains only infected R. glutinosa and not other materials used in the experiment. The leaves of lower part of disease plants repeatedly turned hydropenic at noon and eventually withered followed by plant death after 3 5 days. Microscopic examination showed that stem vascular system in diseased plants turned brown or duck which led to the disagglomeration of spongy tissues. Underground root tubers then eventually ducked and decayed. The preliminary analysis suggested that the two identified strains were formae speciales of R. glutinosa. |
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| Keywords: | Rehmannia glutinosa L Rhizosphere micro-ecology Fusarium fungus Continuous cropping obstacle Pathogenic pathogen |
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