| 镉胁迫对小麦生长发育的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 孟自力,贾斌,尹海燕,陈伟,朱 伟,闫向泉,朱 倩,倪雪峰.镉胁迫对小麦生长发育的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(23):26-32. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孟自力 贾斌 尹海燕 陈伟 朱 伟 闫向泉 朱 倩 倪雪峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南省商丘市农林科学院国家农作物区域试验站;河南农业大学;河南省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目“基于链置换放大策略和临近表面杂交原理的电化学适配体传感器用于黄曲霉毒素B1 检测的研究”(21305031)； 河南省现代农业（小麦）产业技术体系项目“河南省现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目”(Z2010-01-08)；河南省科技攻关项目“小麦优异种质创育与 应用”(152102110029)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究小麦种子萌发、幼苗生长时期对镉胁迫的耐性及镉毒害机理,以‘周麦22’为试材,采用不同浓度镉胁迫(0、0.04、0.4、0.8、1.2 mmol/L)的无土栽培试验,统计胁迫下种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数,测定小麦幼苗形态指标、生物量、MDA、渗透调节物质和保护酶。结果表明:0.4~1.2 mmol/L时,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、株高、根长、地上部干鲜质量和地下部干鲜质量均随镉浓度的增加而降低。叶片可溶性糖含量呈先略微升高后降低的变化趋势;游离氨基酸、脯氨酸和丙二醛(MDA)含量均随镉胁迫强度的增加而增加,至1.2 mmol/L时分别为对照的2.61、5.20和7.99倍。0.4 mmol/L时SOD、POD和CAT活性最高,而APX活性则在镉浓度0.04mmol/L时最高。总之,高浓度镉对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长有极显著抑制作用并降低保护酶活性,游离氨基酸、脯氨酸和MDA含量随镉胁迫强度的增加而增加。
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| 关 键 词： | 镉胁迫 小麦 种子萌发 幼苗生长 渗透调节 保护酶 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/4/5 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/7/17 0:00:00 |
Effects of Cadmium Stress on the Growth and Development of Wheat |
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| Abstract: | To explore the wheat tolerance to cadmium toxicity and mechanism of cadmium stress during wheat seed germination and seedling growth period, Shangmai 156 was used to evaluate the effects of cadmium stesss on seed germination, seedling growth, osmotic adjusting materials and protective enzyme system of wheat, using soilless cultivation tests of different concentrations of cadmium stress (0, 0.04, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 mmol?L-1).The results showed that the low concentration of cadmium (less than 0.04 mmol?L-1) was no obvious inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat, while high concentrations of cadmium (0.4 mmol?L-1) had significant inhibitory effects on above indicators, and within the scope of the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vigor index, plant height, root length, shoot fresh and dry weight and root fresh and dry weight decreased with the increase of cadmium concentration. The content of soluble sugar in leaves decreased at a slightly higher level, and was the largest at 0.04 mmol?L-1, and increased by 6.99% compared with the control. The change rule of free amino acids, protein and MDA content was similar. All of them increased with the increase of cadmium stress, and the maximum was 0.4 mmol?L-1 of cadmium, which was 2.61, 5.20 and 7.99 times of thecontrol, respectively. The activity of SOD, POD and CAT in wheat leaves was the highest when the concentration of cadmium was 0.4 mmol?L-1, which was increased by 49.32%, 85.34% and 40.59% compared with the control,and the difference was very significant (p<0.01) with the control (p<0.01); The activity of Cd decreased, while the concentration of Cd continues to increase. With concentration of Cd2+ 0.04 mmol.L-1, the APX acativity were heighest, and then decreased with increasing concentration of Cd2+. |
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| Keywords: | cadmium stress wheat seed germination seedling growth osmotic regulation protective enzyme |
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