| NPK用量对露地西兰花产量、养分累积及肥料效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 白建忠,陈泽,丁永锋,张珞,黄萍,赵 营.NPK用量对露地西兰花产量、养分累积及肥料效率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(31):112-118. |
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| 作者姓名： | 白建忠 陈泽 丁永锋 张珞 黄萍 赵 营 |
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| 作者单位： | 青铜峡市农业技术和农机化推广服务中心,青铜峡市农业技术和农机化推广服务中心,青铜峡市农业技术和农机化推广服务中心,青铜峡市农业技术和农机化推广服务中心,青铜峡市农业技术和农机化推广服务中心,宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 全国测土配方施肥补贴项目“青铜峡市测土配方施肥补贴项目”（2015 年）；宁夏“十三五”重点科技课题“引黄灌区农业面源污染防控技术 研究与示范”(NKYZ-16-0904)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探讨露地西兰花的NPK合理施用量，提出科学的施肥配比。在宁夏引黄灌区通过田间试验研究了不同NPK供应水平对露地西兰花产量和地上部NPK吸收累积的影响，并评价了其肥料效率。结果表明：施用N、P肥对西兰花有显著增产作用，而施K处理间无显著差异。相对于N0和P0处理，增施N、P肥可分别提高23.6%~36.2%和7.6%~11.5%的经济产量。适当增施NPK肥能显著提高西兰花的地上部NPK养分累积。西兰花的肥料利用率、农学效率和偏生产力都随施肥量增加而降低。每施用1 kg N、1 kg P2O5、1 kg K2O分别可生产50.9~184.7、89.3~369.1、53.9~220.2 kg西兰花经济产量，其随施肥量增加呈显著降低趋势。西兰花经济产量与施N量(R2=0.886)、施P量(R2=0.906)和施K量(R2=0.794)都呈二次曲线关系。综合考虑蔬菜产量、养分累积和肥料效率，建议宁夏引黄灌区露地西兰花的施肥量分别为N 189.8~200.0 kg/hm2、P2O5 79.8~86.8 kg/hm2和K2O 80.2~112.5 kg/hm2 ，其施肥配比为1:0.42~0.43:0.42~0.56。
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| 关 键 词： | 异色瓢虫 异色瓢虫 光波 光源距离 温度 趋光性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/8/14 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/9/6 0:00:00 |
Effects of N, P, K Application Rates on Yield, Nutrients Accumulation and Fertilizers Use Efficiency of Open Field Broccoli |
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| Abstract: | To study the rational N, P, K application rate and propose a scientific fertilization ratio for open field broccoli, the authors investigated the effects of different N, P, and K supplying levels on yield of open field broccoli and N, P, K uptake and accumulation in its overground part in the Yellow River irrigation region of Ningxia, and evaluated fertilizer use efficiency. The results showed that the yield of broccoli significantly increased by the application of N and P fertilizer, however, there was no significant difference among different K fertilizer treatments. Compared with N0 and P0 treatment, there was 23.6%-36.2% and 7.6%-11.5% of economic yield increment by N and P fertilizer application, respectively. N, P, K accumulation amount in overground part of broccoli also significantly increased with rational N, P, K fertilizer application. Fertilizer
using efficiency, agronomy efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity all decreased with the increase of fertilizer application amount. Application of 1 kg N, P2O5 and K2O produced 50.9-184.7, 89.3-369.1 and 53.9- 220.2 kg economic broccoli yield, respectively, and the yield significantly decreased with the increase of fertilizer application amount. Both economic broccoli yield and N (R2=0.886), P (R2=0.906) and K (R2=0.794) application rate could be described by quadratic curve relations. With overall consideration of economic yield, nutrients accumulation and fertilizer use efficiency of the vegetable, the N, P2O5, K2O application rate could be proposed as 189.8- 200.0, 79.8- 86.8 and 80.2- 112.5 kg/hm2 for open field broccoli in the Yellow River irrigation region of Ningxia, respectively, and the suitable fertilization ratio ranged from 1:0.42-0.43:0.42-0.56. |
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| Keywords: | N P K application rates open field broccoli yield shoot N P K uptake apparent fertilizers recovery efficiency agronomy efficiency of applied fertilizers partial factor productivity from applied fertilizers |
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