| 基于PAE编码系统的短须裂腹鱼行为谱 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱挺兵,颜文斌,杨德国.基于PAE编码系统的短须裂腹鱼行为谱[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(2):294-300. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱挺兵 颜文斌 杨德国 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所农业部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31402303）. |
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| 摘 要： | 短须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax wangchiachii)是长江上游特有鱼种。近年来,由于受过度捕捞、水电开发等人类活动影响,短须裂腹鱼自然资源量不断下降。2015年11月—2016年3月,采用焦点动物取样法和随机取样法对短须裂腹鱼的行为谱进行了研究。以"姿势、动作和环境"为轴心,以生态功能为分类依据,构建短须裂腹鱼PAE行为谱。共辨识和定义了自然条件下短须裂腹鱼的10种姿势、22种动作和43种行为。根据行为的生物学功能,将上述行为划分为11大类,即摄食与排遗、探索、领域、发情、交配、护幼、冲突、运动、聚群、休息和杂类行为;区别了各种行为在雄性、雌性和幼体之间的相对发生频次以及发生季节。本研究有助于短须裂腹鱼的行为与保护研究,亦可为其他鱼类的行为谱研究提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 短须裂腹鱼 行为谱 PAE编码系统 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/4/24 0:00:00 |
PAE coding system-based ethogram of Schizothorax wangchiachii |
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| ZHU Tingbing,YAN Wenbin,YANG Deguo.PAE coding system-based ethogram of Schizothorax wangchiachii[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2018,25(2):294-300. |
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| Authors: | ZHU Tingbing YAN Wenbin YANG Deguo |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture;Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China |
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| Abstract: | Schizothorax wangchiachii is an endemic fish in the upper Yangtze River. Due to overfishing, hydropower development and other human activities, the natural resources of S. wangchiachii have decreased during recent decades. The significance of behavioral studies for animal protection is widely accepted. The compilation and analysis of ethograms is the basis of further research on animal behavior. Due to variations in living environments, accurate ethograms of fish should be based on behaviors obtained from natural or semi-natural conditions. The present study aims to establish the behavioral ethogram of S. wangchiachii in nature. From November 2015 to March 2016, field behavioral observations of S. wangchiachii were conducted in the Guosheng River, which is located in Sichuan Province, China. A short reach of the Guosheng River, with a length of about 100 m and width of 10 to 13 m, was enclosed as the observation site. A total of 56 pairs of mature S. wangchiachii parents were released to the enclosure. The river could pass through the enclosure, but experimental fish could not escape. The behaviors of S. wangchiachii were recorded using underwater cameras and sampled by focal animal and ad libitum sampling methods. The ethogram of S. wangchiachii was coded under the "posture, act, and environment" (PAE) coding system. A total of 10 postures, 22 acts, and 43 behaviors were recorded. According to biological functions, the recorded behaviors of S. wangchiachii were divided into 11 types, including ingestion and elimination, exploration, territoriality, estrus, mating, epimeletic, conflict, locomotion, aggregation, rest and sundry. The relative frequency and occurrence season of each behavior in relation to gender and juvenile were also given out. The behaviors of the juveniles S. wangchiachii were relatively simple and mainly related to ingestion, elimination, aggregation, and resting. The behaviors of matured S. wangchiachii were diversified with obvious gender differences, especially in the reproductive behaviors. During the reproductive season, female S. wangchiachii spent most of the time resting and showed few behaviors such as swimming or mating. While male S. wangchiachii showed various behaviors, especially endemic behaviors like territorial behavior, sneak mating, and epimeletic behavior. Gender differences in behaviors may reflect the reproductive strategy of S. wangchiachii, in which more energy is allocated for oocyte development in females and for behavior in males. The behavioral types of aquatic animals are significantly fewer than that of terrestrial higher animals, which may relate to the lower evolutionary level and simpler living environment of aquatic animals. The present study may enable further behavioral and protection research in S. wangchiachii, and give a reference to behavioral ethogram studies in other fish species. |
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| Keywords: | Schizothorax wangchiachii ethogram PAE coding system |
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