| 天津市武清区冬小麦各生育期灌溉需水量分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 于红.天津市武清区冬小麦各生育期灌溉需水量分析[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(10):17-21. |
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| 作者姓名： | 于红 |
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| 作者单位： | 武清区气象局;天津市气候中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 天津市气象局科研项目“武清区冬小麦适宜灌溉时间及适宜灌溉量研究”(201612qxzx04)”; 公益性行业(农业)科研专项“主要粮食作物高温热害及干热风预警及缓解技术研究示范”(201203029);天津市气象局科研项目“现代农业气象试验叶面积速测系统的开发应用”(201504)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了量化武清区冬小麦各生育期灌溉指标,利用天津市武清区2009—2016年气象监测资料,1988—2016年农业气象观测资料,采用美国农业部土壤保持局推荐方法计算了有效降水量,应用FAO推荐的Penman-Monteith方法,并引进土壤修正系数,计算了武清区冬小麦8个生育阶段需水量及灌溉需水量。结果表明:近8年天津市武清区有效降水呈降低趋势,冬小麦在播种—成熟阶段,水分亏缺较为严重,各生育阶段灌溉需水量具有明显差异。其中,返青—拔节期及开花—乳熟期需水量最多,最大灌溉量分别为59.95、57.08 mm。其次是分蘖—越冬期、拔节—抽穗期,灌溉量分别为39.38、34.50 mm。为满足冬小麦生产用水,冬小麦全生育期需水量为251.94~328.00 mm,灌溉需水量为189.65~292.53 mm。武清区冬小麦需水量及灌溉量在时间上具有隔年增加趋势,但在空间上差异不明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 天津市武清区 冬小麦 生育期 有效降水量 灌溉需水量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/3/17 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/3/16 0:00:00 |
Winter Wheat in Wuqing of Tianjin: Irrigation Requirement of Different Growth Periods |
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| Abstract: | To quantify the irrigation index of winter wheat during different growth periods in Wuqing, according to the meteorological monitoring data of Wuqing, Tianjin during 2009-2016 and agrometeorological observation data during 1988- 2016, the authors calculated effective precipitation by adopting the method recommended by Soil Conservation Service of United States Department of Agriculture, and also studied the water requirement and the irrigation requirement of winter wheat during 8 growth periods by utilizing the Penman-Monteith method recommended by FAO and introduced soil correction factor. The results showed that: the effective precipitation in Wuqing had been on decline in recent 8 years, and there was serious moisture deficiency during the seeding to maturity period and significant differences of irrigation requirement
among different growth periods; in which, the largest water requirement appeared during the regreening stage to jointing stage and flowering stage to milk stage, and their maximum irrigation requirement was 59.95 mm and 57.08 mm, respectively, followed by tillering stage to overwintering stage and jointing stage to heading stage, their irrigation requirement was 39.38 mm and 34.50 mm, respectively. The water requirement of winter wheat during the whole growth periods was 251.94-328.00 mm, and the irrigation requirement was 189.65-292.53 mm. The water requirement and irrigation requirement of winter wheat of Wuqing have a trend of increasing every other year, but with no significant spatial differences. |
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| Keywords: | WuQing District of Tianjin winter wheat growth period effective precipitation Irrigation requirement |
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