| 面向农业机械的惯性摆式俘能器特性研究与试验验证 |
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| 引用本文： | 李守太,李云伍,张丽,石志鸣,孙玉华,谢守勇,杨明金,高鸣源.面向农业机械的惯性摆式俘能器特性研究与试验验证[J].农业工程学报,2022,38(8):45-54. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李守太 李云伍 张丽 石志鸣 孙玉华 谢守勇 杨明金 高鸣源 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西南大学工程技术学院,重庆 400716;2. 丘陵山区农业装备重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400716;;3. 西南大学出版社,重庆 400716;4. 西南大学人工智能学院,重庆 400716 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（52008343）;重庆市教育委员会"成渝地区双城经济圈建设"科技创新项目（kjcx2020006）;智能制造先导技术重庆市高校工程研究中心项目（ZNZZXDJS202006） |
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| 摘 要： | 俘能器可以俘获农业机械振动产生的能量并供电传感器。该研究设计并制作了一种惯性摆式振动俘能器,以配重块质量、惯性摆半径、不同激励振幅为控制变量,以俘能器输出峰值电压为优化目标,研究了俘能器的能量俘获特性。试验结果表明：俘能器能量收集能力与正弦激励幅值和惯性摆半径正相关;当俘能器惯性摆半径R较小的情况下（R=30 mm）,俘能器能量俘获能力与其配重块质量正相关;当俘能器惯性摆半径R较大的情况下（R=60 mm）,俘能器能量俘获能力与其配重块质量无明显相关关系。惯性摆半径为30 mm,且安装配重块（40 g）的俘能器在实测农业机械振动谱激励下可产生4.2 V的峰值电压输出,验证了其能够为储能设备供电（>1 V）的可行性。整流后的俘能器能够带动传感器负载（驱动电压为1.5 V的温湿度计）正常工作,显示了其实用性。俘能器在牧草收割机不同安装位置下的性能试验表明其安装环境适应性好,可以安装在农业机械典型振动部位,如工作部件、底盘、悬架、驾驶室和储货仓。为了得到更优的能量俘获性能,应优先考虑安装在振动较强的部位。该研究可促进农业机械传感器和执行器的无源化进程,符合未来智能农机的发展需求。
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| 关 键 词： | 振动 农业机械 随机路谱 正弦激励 惯性摆式 俘能器 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/12/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/4/11 0:00:00 |
Characteristics and experimental verification of the pendulum-flywheel energy harvester for agricultural machinery |
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| Li Shoutai,Li Yunwu,Zhang Li,Shi Zhiming,Sun Yuhu,Xie Shouyong,Yang Mingjin,Gao Mingyuan.Characteristics and experimental verification of the pendulum-flywheel energy harvester for agricultural machinery[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2022,38(8):45-54. |
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| Authors: | Li Shoutai Li Yunwu Zhang Li Shi Zhiming Sun Yuhu Xie Shouyong Yang Mingjin Gao Mingyuan |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Engineering and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; 2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Hilly Area, Chongqing 400716, China;;3. Southwest University Press, Chongqing 400716, China;;4. College of Artificial Intelligence, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Energy conservation can greatly contribute to intelligent agricultural machinery, particularly vibration energy harvesting. In this study, a pendulum-flywheel vibration energy harvester was proposed for the agricultural machinery. The inertial oscillation was first generated under the vibration excitation of the pendulum-flywheel, and then the pinion was driven to rotate by the inner gear fixedly with the pendulum-flywheel, and finally, the rotor of the alternator was turned to generate the electricity under the drive of the pinion. A systematic investigation was conducted to optimize the energy harvester under the standard sinusoidal frequency sweep excitation, where the mass of the counter weight, the radius of pendulum-flywheel, and the various amplitudes of sinusoidal excitation were taken as the control variables, whereas, the peak output voltage was as the target. The experimental results show that the voltage induction performance of the energy harvester increased to reach the maximum near the natural frequency, as the time of sinusoidal excitation increased. The peak output voltage of the energy harvester was proportional to the mass of the counter weight when the radius of pendulum-flywheel was smaller (R=30 mm). However, such a relationship disappeared when the radius of pendulum-flywheel was larger (R=60 mm). The performance test of the energy harvester was excited by the real vibration spectrum of agricultural machinery. The harvester with a 10 g counter weight reached the peak voltage of 4.2 V under the on-site measured vibration of the agricultural machinery, indicating better performance than that without the counter weight. The output voltage was achieved at more than 1 V, indicating that the energy harvester can be used to charge standard energy storage devices, such as batteries and drive sensors through a DC-DC booster. Consequently, the power generation capacity was feasible under a random agricultural machinery spectrum, indicating the practicability of the energy harvester. The energy harvester can be used to supply a common sensor (a hygrometer with a load voltage of 1.5 V) after rectification, particularly for low-power electronic devices. The road test showed that the harvested energy was stored in super-capacitors or rechargeable batteries through energy management circuits, when vibration energy was sufficient, while the super-capacitors or batteries supply power to the load when the output power of the energy harvester was insufficient. When the circuit load (sensor or wireless transmission module) often needs a high instantaneous current, the super-capacitor can quickly discharge the circuit to meet the requirements of high instantaneous power for the wireless transmission of sensor data. Finally, the road tests were carried out to explore the energy harvesting performance of the energy harvester in different parts of agricultural machinery. Cab, storage bin and working part were selected to measure vibration signals. The test results were as follows: The vibration excitation intensity of different parts of the agricultural machinery varied from the cab, storage bin, and working part. The vibration frequencies of different parts were concentrated in the low-frequency range. The cab and working part presented the strong stable frequency excitation suitable for the installation of the energy harvester. Therefore, the installation position was preferred to the location near the working part, considering the convenient energy supply of the cab. |
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| Keywords: | vibration agricultural machinery random road spectrum sinusoidal excitation pendulum-flywheel energy harvester |
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