| 德州市土壤肥力变化及分析 |
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| 作者姓名： | 李怀军 刘忠海 曲善功 董玉梅 宋桂兰 李志杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 李怀军,刘忠海,曲善功(德州市士肥站,山东德州,253016);董玉梅(德州农产品质量安全监督检验测试中心,山东德州,253016);宋桂兰(禹城市土肥站,山东禹城,253015);李志杰(中国农业科学院德州实验站,山东德州,253015)
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| 基金项目： | 1988年全国第二次土壤普查项目，1998年德州市级土壤养分调查项目，2005-2008财政部、农业部国家级测土配方施肥项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 调查分析德州市土壤肥力变化规律,为黄淮海平原地区中低产土壤科学施肥提供依据.20年进行3次大规模土壤肥力分布状况调查,按照高中低和不同土壤类型分类布点,共采取土样63 546个,监测化验8万多项次.结果表明,全市土壤养分结构发生了变化,有机质有所增加但含量偏低,氮素不足,含磷量虽然增加幅度较大,但施用磷肥仍然具有显著的增产效果.速效钾含量由1982年以来的逐渐减少变为1998年以后的逐渐增加.部分土壤微量元素缺乏呈上升趋势.土壤肥力分布不均,范围较广,虽然经过耕作、施肥和灌溉,土壤肥力有所提高,但高产土壤分布面积较少,中低产土壤仍然占有相当大的比例,改良利用和培肥的潜力还很大.根据各种农作物的需肥规律及肥料特性,实行测土配方施肥技术,在增施有机肥料的基础上,本着稳氮、稳磷、补施钾及微肥和农作物缺什么补什么、缺多少补多少的原则,达到土壤供肥与农作物需肥的基本平衡.
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤 肥力 变化 分析 |
Dezhou soil fertility change and analysis |
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| Authors: | Li Huaijun Liu Zhonghai Qu Shangong Dong Yumei Song Guilan Li Zhijie |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: research goal]The diagnosis Dezhou soil fertility change rule, the low productivity soil science applies fertilizer for the Huanghuai sea level original area in provides the basis; method]20 years carry on three time large-scale soil fertility distributed condition investigation, according to high school low and different soil type classification stationing, altogether adopt soil sample 63564, the monitor analyze more than 80,000 times; result]Indicated that my city soil nutrient structure had the change, the organic matter has increased, but the content was somewhat low, the nitrogen was insufficient, although the phosphoric quantity increased the scope to be big, but the employment phosphate fertilizer still had the remarkable production increase effect. Since the fast-acting potassium content has reduced becomes 1998 gradual increase gradually after 1982. The partial soil trace element assumes the trend of escalation deficient. The soil fertility distribution is uneven, the scope is broad, although after people''s cultivation, applies fertilizer and irrigates, the soil fertility improves, but the high production soil distribution area are few, the low productivity soil still held the quite great proportion, the improvement use and cultivates the fat potential to be very also big; conclusion]Needs the fat rule and the fertilizer characteristic according to each kind of crops, implements measured that the earth formula applies fertilizer the technology, in increases executes the organic fertilizer in the foundation, in line with the steady nitrogen, the steady phosphorus, makes up Shi Jia and micro fat and the crops lacks any fertilizer to make up anything, lacks the how much fertilizers to make up how many principle, achieves the soil for to need fat basic balanced fat with the crops. |
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| Keywords: | Key word: Soilzz fertilityzz change zz analysiszz |
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