| 不同日粮精粗比下藜麦秸秆与高粱秸秆的组合效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 王正文,魏玉明,杨发荣,罗晶,焦婷,赵生国.不同日粮精粗比下藜麦秸秆与高粱秸秆的组合效应[J].草业科学,2021,38(8):1615-1625. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王正文 魏玉明 杨发荣 罗晶 焦婷 赵生国 |
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| 作者单位： | 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃,兰州,730070;甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,甘肃,兰州,730070;甘肃农业大学草业学院,/,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,/,中–美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃,兰州,730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央引导地方科技发展专项(特色藜麦产业培育及科技扶贫模式推广)%甘肃省科协学会助力精准扶贫项目(甘科协学20190002)%甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心重点科技项目(2019GAAS51)%国家自然科学基金项目“不同海拔对藜麦产量和品质的影响及生理生态机制(30660357)” |
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| 摘 要： | 分别设置两种精粗比(40 ? 60和30 ? 70)，11种混合饲料的组合比例精料 ? 藜麦秸秆 ? 高粱秸秆分别为40 ? 60 ? 0 (Ⅰ)、40 ? 45 ? 15 (Ⅱ)、40 ? 30 ? 30 (Ⅲ)、40 ? 15 ? 45 (Ⅳ)、40 ? 0 ? 60 (Ⅴ)、30 ? 70 ? 0 (Ⅵ)、30 ? 55 ? 15 (Ⅶ)、30 ? 40 ? 30 (Ⅷ)、30 ? 25 ? 45 (Ⅸ)、30 ? 10 ? 60 (Ⅹ)和30 ? 0 ? 70 (Ⅺ)] ，并以单独的精料、藜麦秸秆和高粱秸秆为对照，进行体外产气试验，测定不同组合饲粮的体外干物质降解率、瘤胃液pH、总挥发性脂肪酸和氨态氮含量，并计算各饲料组合的单项组合效应指数和综合组合效应指数，以评价不同日粮精粗比下藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa)秸秆与高粱(Sorghum bicolor)秸秆不同配比的饲粮组合效应。结果表明，随着发酵时间的延长，所有组合产气量均逐渐升高(P < 0.05)，24 h后趋于平缓。且随着高粱秸秆的增多，体外干物质降解率呈上升趋势。当精粗比为40 ? 60时，处理Ⅲ的24 h产气量分别比藜麦组和高粱组提高了36.2%和53.5%，氨态氮含量提高了30.7%和30.3%，总挥发性脂肪酸提高了12.2%和33.3%，且该组合氨态氮、总挥发性脂肪酸的单项组合效应指数和综合组合效应指数均显著高于其他各组(P < 0.05)。而当精粗比为30 ? 70时，处理Ⅷ的24 h产气量分别比藜麦组和高粱组提高了29.2%和23.2%，氨态氮含量提高了35.1%和2.06%，总挥发性脂肪酸提高了32.7%和16%，总挥发性脂肪酸的单项组合效应指数显著高于其他各组(P < 0.05)，而处理Ⅷ和Ⅺ的氨态氮含量和单项组合效应指数显著高于处理Ⅵ (P < 0.05)，且Ⅷ的综合组合效应指数显著高于Ⅵ (P < 0.05)，Ⅷ的综合组合效应指数显著高于Ⅵ、Ⅸ和Ⅹ (P < 0.05)。综合来看，精料 ? 藜麦秸秆 ? 高粱秸秆为30 ? 40 ? 30的综合组合效应指数最大，可作为较优饲料组合及适宜添加量在生产实践中应用。
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| 关 键 词： | 藜麦秸秆 高粱秸秆 精料 体外产气法 消化率 发酵参数 饲料组合效应 |
Study on the associative effects of quinoa andsorghum straw under different diet ratios of concentrate to roughage |
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| WANG Zhengwen,WEI Yuming,YANG Farong,LUO jin,JIAO Ting,ZHAO Shengguo.Study on the associative effects of quinoa andsorghum straw under different diet ratios of concentrate to roughage[J].Pratacultural Science,2021,38(8):1615-1625. |
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| Authors: | WANG Zhengwen WEI Yuming YANG Farong LUO jin JIAO Ting ZHAO Shengguo |
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| Abstract: | This study aimed to evaluate the associative effect of different quinoa and sorghum straw ratios under different Concentrate-Roughage ratios. Therefore, the experiment set the concentrate to a roughage ratio of 30 ? 70 and 40 ? 60, respectively, with quinoa straw ? sorghum straw ratios of 40 ? 60 ? 0 (Ⅰ), 40 ? 45 ? 15 (Ⅱ), 40 ? 30 ? 30 (Ⅲ), 40 ? 15 ? 45 (Ⅳ), and 40 ? 0 ? 60 (Ⅴ), as well as 30 ? 70 ? 0 (Ⅵ), 30 ? 55 ? 15 (Ⅶ), 30 ? 40 ? 30 (Ⅷ), 30 ? 25 ? 45 (Ⅸ), 30 ? 10 ? 60 (Ⅹ), 30 ? 0 ? 70 (Ⅺ). The combination ratios of the 11 mixed feeds, along with the separate concentrates, and quinoa straw and sorghum straws as controls were used during in vitro gas production experiments that were conducted to determine the in vitro dry matter degradation rate (IVDMD), rumen fluid pH, and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) of the different diet combinations. Moreover, the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) content was also investigated and the single and multiple factors associative effect indices were calculated for each feed combination. The results showed that the GP of all groups increased significantly within 24 h, then leveled off, except for the fermentation time. The IVDMD increased with an increase in the sorghum straw addition. When the ratio of concentrate to roughage was 40 ? 60, the GP24 h, the NH3-N content, and the total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) increased by 36.2% and 53.5%, 30.7% and 30.3%, and 12.2% and 33.3%, respectively. Moreover, the single factor associative effect index (SFAEI) of the NH3-N and TVFA in group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in other groups(P < 0.05), and the multiple factors associative effect index (MFAEI) in the same group (Ⅲ) was significantly higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05). When the ratio of concentrate to roughage was 30 ? 70, the GP24 h, the NH3-N content, and the TVFA increased by 29.2 and 23.2%, 35.1% and 2.06%, and 32.7 and 16%, respectively. Compared with the single quinoa and sorghum groups, the SFAEI of the TVFA in group Ⅷ was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, the SFAEI of the NH3-N in groups Ⅷ and Ⅺ were significantly higher than in group Ⅵ (P < 0.05), and the MFAEI in group Ⅷ was significantly higher than in groups Ⅵ, Ⅸ, and Ⅹ (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the MFAEI of the concentrate ? quinoa straw ? sorghum straw was 30 ? 40 ? 30, which was the largest. It could be used as an optimal feed combination and a suitable additive amount in the production practice. |
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| Keywords: | quinoa straw sorghum straw concentrate in vitro gas production digestibility fermentation parameter feed associative effects |
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