| 河南省夏播青贮玉米品种筛选与综合评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 周波,韩小花,李小红,王延召,刘康.河南省夏播青贮玉米品种筛选与综合评价[J].草业科学,2021(2):316-326. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周波 韩小花 李小红 王延召 刘康 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/河南省玉米重点实验室;河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所;漯河市农业科学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300309/03);河南省科技攻关项目(182102110368);河南省农业科学院科研发展专项资金项目(2020CY05)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为筛选出适合河南地区种植的优质高产青贮玉米(Zea mays)品种,本研究在河南原阳,选用20个玉米品种作为试验材料,对其干物质生物产量、品质性状(粗蛋白、淀粉、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、相对饲用价值)、抗逆性(倒伏率、倒折率、茎腐病)和农艺性状(株高、穗位、青贮生育期)等指标进行比较分析。结果表明:1)渝青386、渝青506、北农青贮368、渝青玉3号、新科910、雅玉04889、先玉1658、郑青贮1号、九新631、北农青贮3740和郑青贮2号11个品种干物质生物产量均高于对照雅玉青贮8号,其中先玉1658和九新631籽粒产量均高于郑单958。2)品质指标在20个品种之间差异显著(P<0.05),通过品质指标聚类分析获得两大类群,其中第I类群玉米品种品质较高,除永优1573外其余品种品质等级均为特级或者一级,且该类群玉米品种中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fiber,NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fiber,ADF)含量较低,淀粉含量和相对饲用价值较高。3)渝青玉3号、渝青386、宁禾0709、渝青506、曲辰19、雅玉04889、大京九26和永优15738个品种抗倒性较差。从干物质生物产量、品质、抗逆性等综合考虑,北农青贮368、新科910、先玉1658、郑青贮1号、九新631、北农青贮3740、郑青贮2号7个品种表现最佳,适宜作为青贮玉米品种在河南省黄淮海畜牧产业区推广种植。
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| 关 键 词： | 青贮玉米 干物质生物产量 品质性状 抗逆性 |
Comparison and comprehensive evaluation of summer-planting silage maize varieties in Henan Province |
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| ZHOU Bo,HAN Xiaohua,LI Xiaohong,WANG Yanzhao,LIU Kang.Comparison and comprehensive evaluation of summer-planting silage maize varieties in Henan Province[J].Pratacultural Science,2021(2):316-326. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Bo HAN Xiaohua LI Xiaohong WANG Yanzhao LIU Kang |
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| Institution: | (The Cereal Crops Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan Key Lab.of Maize Biology,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;Agricultural Economy&Information Research Institution,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luohe 462000,Henan,China) |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this research was to select silage maize varieties suitable for planting in Henan province.A total of 20 silage maize hybrids were collected and used as test materials,and were evaluated in terms of dry matter yield,corn silage quality(protein,starch,acid detergent fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and relative feed value),stress resistance(lodging rate,lodging rate of corn stalks,and stem rot),and agronomic traits(plant height,ear height,and duration).The results showed that:1)the dry matter yield of Yuqing 386,Yuqing 506,Beinongqingzhu 368,Yuqingyu No.3,Xinke 910,Yayu 04889,Xianyu 1658,Zhengqingzhu No.1,Jiuxin 631,Beinongqingzhu 3740,and Zhengqingzhu No.2 were higher than those of Yayuqingzhu 8(the control variety).The grain yield of Xianyu 1658 and Jiuxin 631 was higher than that of the control variety Zhengdan 958.2)There were significant differences in the quality indicators among the 20 varieties of maize(P<0.05).We obtained two groups of maize through a cluster analysis of these quality indicators,of which the maize variety group I was a higher quality group.Among the maize variety group I,all grades of maize varieties were the top level or firstclass,except for the maize variety Yongyou 1573.With a lower neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)content,and a higher starch content,the value of maize variety group I for silage was relatively high.3)Yuqingyu No.3,Yuqing 386,Ninghe 0709,Yuqing 506,Quchen 19,Yayu 04889,Dajingjiu 26,and Yongyou 1573 had weak lodging resistance.All the analyses showed that Beinongqingzhu 368,Xinke 910,Xianyu 1658,Zhengqingzhu No.1,Jiuxin 631,Beinongqingzhu 3740,and Zhengqingzhu No.2 were suitable for planting in the Henan Province,and had higher dry matter yield,higher quality silage,and a higher level of stress resistance. |
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| Keywords: | silage maize dry matter yield quality trait stress resistance |
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