| 青贮剂对再生稻头季全株青贮品质和体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 邹诗雨,陈思葵,唐启源,陈东,陈元伟,邓攀,黄胥莱,李付强.青贮剂对再生稻头季全株青贮品质和体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响[J].草业学报,2021,30(7):122-132. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邹诗雨 陈思葵 唐启源 陈东 陈元伟 邓攀 黄胥莱 李付强 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院，湖南 长沙 410128;2.湖南农业大学农学院，湖南 长沙 410128;3.湖南天华实业有限公司，湖南 娄底 417000 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖南省草食动物产业技术体系，国家水稻产业技术体系(CARS-01);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37) |
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| 摘 要： | 旨在探究青贮剂对再生稻头季全株青贮品质和体外瘤胃发酵特性的影响。以再生稻头季全株为青贮原料，在青贮中分别添加植物乳杆菌（60%）+纤维素酶（30%）+木聚糖酶（10%）、植物乳杆菌（70%）+粪肠球菌（20%）+纤维素酶（5%）+半纤维素酶（5%）、植物乳杆菌（30%）+粪肠球菌（60%）+纤维素酶（5%）+半纤维素酶（5%）、等量水为对照（依次记为N1、N2、N3和CK组，各组添加量为500 g·t-1 鲜重）。青贮45 d后开包取样，分析其青贮品质和体外瘤胃发酵特性。结果表明：1）青贮结束后，N1、N2和N3组的总能显著高于CK组（P<0.05），中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量显著低于CK组（P<0.05），且N2组的中性洗涤纤维含量显著低于N1和N3组（P<0.05），N1、N2和N3组的总可消化养分含量和乙酸含量均显著高于CK组（P<0.05），氨态氮/总氮显著低于CK组（P<0.05）。2）体外发酵24 h后，N2组的24 h累积产气量和快速降解部分的产气量显著高于N1、N3和CK组（P<0.05），N2组的潜在产气量显著高于N1、N3和CK组（P<0.05），且N1组显著高于CK组（P<0.05），N1和N2组的pH显著低于N3和CK组（P<0.05），N2组的乙酸和氨态氮含量显著高于N1、N3和CK组（P<0.05），N1和N2组的丙酸含量显著高于N3和CK组（P<0.05），N2组乙酸/丙酸显著低于N3和CK组（P<0.05），N2和N3组的干物质降解率和粗蛋白质降解率显著高于N1和CK组（P<0.05），N2组的有机物降解率、中性洗涤纤维降解率和酸性洗涤纤维降解率显著高于N1、N3和CK组（P<0.05）。综上所述，在实际生产中，建议青贮剂在以植物乳杆菌为主要添加剂的前提下，辅助添加粪肠球菌、纤维素酶和半纤维素酶，有利于获得营养价值较佳的再生稻头季全株青贮。
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| 关 键 词： | 再生稻头季 青贮剂 青贮品质 体外瘤胃发酵特性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-02 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-11-23 |
Effects of silage additives on quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of first season ratoon rice whole silage |
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| ZOU Shi-yu,CHEN Si-kui,TANG Qi-yuan,CHEN Dong,CHEN Yuan-wei,DENG Pan,HUANG Xu-lai,LI Fu-qiang.Effects of silage additives on quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of first season ratoon rice whole silage[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2021,30(7):122-132. |
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| Authors: | ZOU Shi-yu CHEN Si-kui TANG Qi-yuan CHEN Dong CHEN Yuan-wei DENG Pan HUANG Xu-lai LI Fu-qiang |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Animal Science and Technology，Hunan Agriculture University，Changsha 410128，China;2.College of Agronomy，Hunan Agriculture University，Changsha 410128，China;3.Hunan Tianhua Industrial Co. ，LTD，Loudi 417000，China |
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| Abstract: | This experiment was conducted to investigate effects of silage additives on quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of first season ratoon rice whole-crop silage. The experiment compared three fermentation-enhancing preparations of bacterial and enzyme additives， added at 500 g·t-1 fresh weight when ensiling whole crop ratoon rice， and a control （CK， 500 g·t-1 water）. The additive treatments were： N1， Lactobacillus plantarum （60%）+cellulase （30%）+xylanase （10%）； N2， L. plantarum （70%）+Enterococcus faecalis （20%）+cellulase （5%）+hemicellulase （5%）； N3，L. plantarum （30%）+E. faecalis （60%）+cellulase（5%）+hemicellulase （5%）. The silages were sampled after 45 d after ensiling， and the silage quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics analyzed. The results were as follows： 1） After ensiling， the gross energy， total digestible fiber， and acetate values of the N1， N2 and N3 silages were significantly higher than those of CK group （P<0.05）， while the contents of neutral and acid detergent fiber and ammoniacal nitrogen∶total nitrogen of the N1， N2 and N3 groups were significantly lower than those of the CK group （P<0.05）. Among treated silages， the neutral detergent fiber level of the N2 group was significantly lower than that of N1 and N3 groups （P<0.05）. 2） After 24 h in vitro fermentation， the 24 h cumulative gas production， the gas production of rapid degradation and the potential gas production of the N2 group were significantly higher than for the N1， N3 and CK groups （P<0.05）， and the potential gas production of the N1 group was significantly higher than for the CK group （P<0.05）. The N1 and N2 groups had lower pH than the N3 and CK groups （P<0.05）， and the contents of acetate and ammonia of N2 group were significantly higher than those of the N1， N3 and CK groups （P<0.05）. The propionate contents of the N1 and N2 groups were significantly higher than those of N3 and CK groups （P<0.05）； the acetate∶propionate ratio of the N2 group was significantly lower than that of N3 and CK groups （P<0.05）； the degradation rates of dry matter and crude protein of N2 and N3 groups were significantly higher than those of N1 and CK groups （P<0.05）； the degradation rates of organic matter， neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber values of the N2 group were significantly higher than for N1， N3 and CK groups （P<0.05）. In conclusion， it is suggested that silage additives should be supplemented with E. faecalis， cellulase and hemicellulaseunder the premise that L. plantarum is the main agent required to produce first season ratoon rice whole silage with improved nutritional value in actual production. |
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| Keywords: | first season ratoon rice silage additives silage quality in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics |
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