Genetic Diversity and Relationships of Wheat Landraces from Oman Investigated with SSR Markers |
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| Authors: | P Zhang S Dreisigacker A Buerkert S Alkhanjari A E Melchinger M L Warburton |
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| Institution: | (1) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico D.F., Mexico;(2) Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science, and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany;(3) Institute of Crop Science, University of Kassel, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany;(4) Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Oman;(5) Present address: Institute of Crop Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 230031 Hefei, China |
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| Abstract: | Little is known about genetic diversity and geographic origin of wheat landraces from Oman, an ancient area of wheat cultivation.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic relationships and levels of diversity of six wheat landraces
collected in Oman with a set of 30 evenly distributed SSR markers. The total gene diversity, (HT), conserved in the three durum wheat (Triticum durum desf.) landraces (HT = 0.46) was higher than in the three bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces (HT = 0.37), which were similar to Turkish and Mexican bread wheat landraces calculated in previous studies. Genetic variation
partitioning (GST) showed that variation was mainly distributed within rather than among the durum (GST = 0.30) and bread wheat (GST = 0.19) landraces. Based on modified Rogers’ distance (MRD), the durum and bread wheat landraces were distinct from each
other except for a few individuals according to principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). One bread wheat landrace (Greda) was
separated into two distinct sub-populations. A joint cluster analysis with other landraces of worldwide origin revealed that
Omani bread wheat landraces were different from other landraces. However, two landraces from Pakistan were grouped somewhat
closer to Omani landraces indicating a possible, previously unknown relationship. Implications of these results for future
wheat landrace collection, evaluation and conservation are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Genetic diversity Landrace Oman Triticum aestivum Triticum durum |
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