| Phototropism and Phytochrome |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘玉军 隋金玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学生物学院森林生物学实验中心 |
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| 摘 要： | 向光性是植物为捕捉更多光能而建立起来的对不良光照条件的适应机制之一．蓝光被证明是引起植物向光性最有效的光源．最近的研究进一步揭示植物体内一定存在一种对蓝光具特殊敏感性从而引起向光性反应的光受体．光生物学家已克隆得到数种ｃＤＮＡ并证明它们当中至少有一种对向光性受体负责，遗憾的是至今并没有弄清楚到底是哪一种ｃＤＮＡ表达向光性受体．就诱导向光性反应而言，红光是无效的，但早在本世纪５０年代就已有人证明红光对植物向光性行为产生深刻影响．最新的研究（Ｌｉｕ＆Ｉｉｎｏ１９９６）已证明红光对蓝光所诱导向光性的影响是由光敏色素这一红光／远红光受体参与调节的．研究发现对蓝光和远红光敏感的向光性受由对红光敏感的光敏色素的严格控制．绝对黑暗条件下生长的植物向光性蓝光刺激无反应，不表现向光性．这样的植物只有接受了红光或远红光前处理后才对向光性蓝光刺激有反应．这一重大发现揭示了向光性反应中光敏色素与向光性受体的相互作用，并为光生物学家彻底搞清楚植物向光性受体提供了一条全新的研究思路．本文就是在这一背景基础上总结了近几年来有关光敏色素和向光性方面研究的新进展．我们希望通过这样的工作能使有关植物向光性受体和植物体内吸收不同波长光的光受体
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| 关 键 词： | 向光性，（植物）避荫，光敏色素，光敏色素突变体，光敏色素A，光敏色素B，蓝光受体，相互作用 |
Phototropism and Phytochrome |
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| Liu Yujun\ Sui Jinling College of Biology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing ,P.R.China.Phototropism and Phytochrome[J].Forestry Studies in China,1998(2). |
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| Authors: | Liu Yujun\ Sui Jinling College of Biology Beijing Forestry University Beijing PRChina |
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| Institution: | Liu Yujun\ Sui Jinling College of Biology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China |
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| Abstract: | Phototropism is a kind of response that plants use as one of the strategies competing for more light energy. Blue light has been demonstrated to be most effective to induce phototropism. Recent studies have clarified that there must be one blue light specific photoreceptor responsible for phototropism. A couple of cDNAs have been cloned as candidates for the blue light receptor(s), although they remain to be further elucidated. Red light is ineffective in inducing phototropism. However, it has long been demonstrated that red light profoundly affects phototropic behavior of higher plants. A recent study (Liu & Iino 1996) reported that the effects of red light on blue light induced phototropism are mediated by phytochrome,the red/far red light reversible photoreceptor. It is found that phototropism, which is most sensitive to blue light, strongly depends on phytochrome system triggered by red and far red lights. Dark grown plants do not show any phototropic responses. The finding has opened a window for photobiologists approaching the yet unclarified phototropic receptor(s), elucidating the signal transduction chain for responses co mediated by two or more photoreceptors sensitive to different light signals in the spectrum such as blue, red and far red lights, and uncovering the yet unidentified photoreceptor(s) responsible for responses induced by blue and near UV lights. This paper summarizes recent progresses on both phytochrome and phototropism of higher plants. We hope that new ideas can be elicited in this review paper,which concerns studies on coaction between photosystems sensitive to blue and red/far red lights. In addition, ecological implications of phototropism and shade avoidance (another strategy mediated by phytochrome and used by plants for competing light energy) are also considered. |
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| Keywords: | phototropism shade avoidance phytochrome phytochrome mutants phytochrome A phytochrome B blue light photoreceptor coaction |
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