Leaching characteristics of homologues of benzalkonium chloride from wood treated with ammoniacal copper quaternary wood preservative |
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| Authors: | Teruhisa Miyauchi Mitsunori Mori Yuji Imamura |
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| Institution: | (1) Hokkaido Forest Products Research Institute, 1-10 Nishikagura, Asahikawa 071-0198, Japan;(2) Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan |
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| Abstract: | In Japan, ammoniacal copper quaternary wood preservatives type-1 (ACQ-1), which contains copper and benzalkonium chloride
as its active ingredients, is among the most widely used wood preservatives in the pressure treatment of wood. Benzalkonium
chloride (BAC) in commercial ACQ-1 products mainly comprises C12 and C14 homologues. In the present study, the leaching characteristics
of these BAC homologues were investigated using the heartwood and sapwood portions of Japanese cedar, Japanese larch, and
Sakhalin fir treated with ACQ-1 and 1% monoethanolamine (MEA) solution containing equimolar amounts of homologues. Distilled
water (DW) and artificial seawater (SW) were used as leaching media. Consequently, it was observed that the leaching rate
of the C12 homologue tended to be higher than that of the C14 homologue in DW. The leaching of C12 homologues was accelerated
by using SW, resulting in a significantly higher leaching rate than the C14 homologue using SW. It was thought that the difference
in the hydrophobicities based on alkyl chain lengths resulted in these phenomena. However, when the heartwood portion of Japanese
larch was treated with the homologues in MEA, the leaching rate of the C14 homologue was significantly higher than that of
the C12 homologue. |
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| Keywords: | Ammoniacal copper quaternary (ACQ) Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) Leaching Seawater |
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