Temporal variation outweighs effects of biosolids applications in shaping arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities on plants grown in pasture and arable soils |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland;2. School of Agriculture and Food Science; University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland;3. NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environmental Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK;4. School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK;1. Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43 Pr?honice, Czech Republic;2. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Vini?ná 5, CZ-128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;3. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Philosophy and History of Science, Vini?ná 7, CZ-128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;4. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Benátská 2, CZ-128 00 Prague, Czech Republic;1. Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, B 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;2. Environmental Biotechnology Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;3. Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, B 2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium;1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2. Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College, Tibet University, Linzhi 860000, China;1. Department of Biology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada;2. Department of Biology, Algoma University, Sault Ste-Marie, Ontario, P6A 2G4, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Landspreading of biosolids (treated sewage sludge) in agroecosystems is a common waste management practice worldwide. Evidence suggests biosolids may be detrimental to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF); however, previous studies focused on arable systems and often unrealistically high biosolids application levels. We investigated the effects of biosolids on AMF communities in grassland and arable agroecosystems, in the context of the natural seasonal dynamics of AMF community composition and diversity. A pasture and arable system under commercial farming management were amended annually with two different types of biosolids, applied at levels meeting current European Union regulations, in a factorial, replicated field-scale plot experiment. AMF root colonisation and community composition were measured in Lolium perenne roots from the pasture and Trifolium repens roots growing in arable soil across the seasons of two years. AMF community compositions were assessed by terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. Biosolids had no significant effect on AMF root colonisation or community composition in either agroecosystem. Soil chemical analyses indicated several changes in the top 0–5 cm layer of the pasture soil, including small increases in heavy metal concentrations in biosolids relative to control plots. Temporal AMF dynamics were detected in soils from both agroecosystem indicating that the effect of seasonality outweighed that of biosolids application. |
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| Keywords: | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Biosolids landspreading Sewage sludge Season Diversity Agricultural management |
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