Reclamation of lignite mine areas with Triticum aestivum: The dynamics of soil functions and microbial communities |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Ecology, School of Biology, AUTH, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece;2. Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece;3. Laboratory of Pesticide Science, School of Agriculture, AUTH, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece;1. Research Unit Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany;2. Biology Centre AS CR, v. v. i., Institute of Soil Biology, Ceské Budějovice, Czech Republic;3. Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, CZ-37005 Ceské Budějovice, Czech Republic;1. Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Ministry of Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan—Science Committee, Zhambylskaya oblast, Republic of Kazakhstan;2. Research Institute of Influenza, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation;1. Borissiak Paleontological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia;2. Paleontological Center of Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 210351, Mongolia |
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| Abstract: | In this paper is studied the dynamics of the soil microbial structure and function, and enzymatic activities during a chronosequence (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 years) after reclamation of coal mine areas with wheat (Triticum aestivum). Due to the homogeneity induced by monoculture all over the sites, similarity in the dynamics of structural and functional soil attributes was expected. Moreover, the idea of Whisenant (2002) claiming non monotonic succession unfolding during the reclamation process was checked. Soil samples were collected from the upper 12 cm of cultivated fields differing in their post-reclamation age, and they were analyzed for physicochemical variables, microbial community structure (PLFAs), catabolic profiles (Biolog Ecoplates) and enzymatic activities (β-glucosidase, urease and alkaline phosphatase). Fields outside the mine area, cultivated with the same species were used as controls. Exhibiting rapid growth from 0 to 4–5 years after reclamation, slow decline from 5 to 10 years and stabilization after 10 years, the abundances of the microbial groups (Gram+, Gram?, fungi, protozoa) showed similar dynamics. Similar dynamics displayed also the activity of alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase, which increased gradually from 0 to 10 years and stabilized afterwards. By contrast, the activity of urease showed an inverse temporal pattern. After 15 years, the microbial abundances, the functional diversity (Shannon index), and the soil enzymatic activities of the reclaimed soils converged to values recorded in the controls fields. Significant shifts in the microbial community structure were not detected, probably because of the type of reclamation (agricultural use). However, when the overall PLFA and carbon utilization data sets were analyzed, it was revealed that the microbial community structure changed non monotonically in the transition between 0 and 5 years after reclamation, while the carbon utilization profiles exhibited more complex successional patterns. Above findings support the idea of non monotonic successional processes in soil microbial communities. |
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| Keywords: | Succession Lignite mine areas Microbial community structure Enzyme activity Wheat cultivation |
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