| 灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)采后致病性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 许玲,张晟瑜,王奕文,李喜宏.灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)采后致病性研究[J].植物病理学报,2006,36(1):74-79. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许玲 张晟瑜 王奕文 李喜宏 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华东师范大学生命科学学院, 上海 200062;2. 中国科学院上海生命科学院植物生理生态研究所, 上海 200032;3. 天津科技大学天津市食品加工工程中心, 天津 300222 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院资助项目;国家科技攻关项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)是引起葡萄采后病害的主要病原真菌之一。葡萄灰霉菌可在田间潜伏侵染,采后由健康果实携带进入销售市场,该菌的显著致病症状为果实软腐和脱落。灰霉菌与葡萄的其它采后致病菌,如链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)、镰刀菌(Fusarium sp.)、芽枝霉(Cladosporium sp.)、青霉菌(Penicillium sp.)、黑曲霉(Aspergillus nigar)和粉红单端孢菌(Trichothecium roseum)相比,不仅表现出明显的潜伏侵染优势,而且具有较强的低温(4℃)条件下的致病优势。4℃低温下灰霉菌在寄主葡萄体外和体内分泌多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)活力均显著高于以上各菌,而在25℃下无显著差异,这一结果与该2种温度下灰霉菌接种果实后的症状表现一致。
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| 关 键 词： | 采后病害 灰霉菌 葡萄 果胶酶 致病性 |
| 文章编号： | 0412-0914(2006)01-0074-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年4月26日 |
Pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea on postharvest grape berries |
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| XU Ling,ZHANG Sheng-yu,WANG Yi-wen,LI Xi-hong.Pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea on postharvest grape berries[J].Acta Phytopathologica Sinica,2006,36(1):74-79. |
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| Authors: | XU Ling ZHANG Sheng-yu WANG Yi-wen LI Xi-hong |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;2. Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China;3. Tianjin Engineering Center of Food Processing, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China |
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| Abstract: | The gray mould Botrytis cinerea is one of the most important plant pathogenic fungi that cause postharvest disease in grape berries. The pathogen infected latently in flowering period and persistently resided in the fruits during the marketing. The latent infection of grape berries by this pathogen was more dominant than by other postharvest disease pathogens,Alternaria, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Aspergillus and Trichothecium. Conidia and hyphae of B. cinerea survived under low temperature storage (at 4℃) condition and caused serious damage to stored and marketed grape berries. Diseased berries showed the typical symptoms as fruit rot and abscission. This symptomatic feature was characterized in part by the low-temperature tolerance of pectinolytic enzymes secreted by B. cinerea. In this study, we also compared the activity of cell wall degrading enzymes between B. cinerea and other fungi,and found that this fungi utilized pectin much better than others,but not decompose cellulose effectively. The polygalacturonase of this pathogen showed higher activity at 40℃ than those of other pathogens, coincident with the progress of disease symptom in berries at this temperature. On the other hand,there was no significant difference in the enzymatic activity at 25℃ between B. cinerea and other pathogens. Thus, the present work provided some enzymatic evidences for elucidating infection strategy of B. cinerea. |
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| Keywords: | postharvest disease Botrytis cinerea grape berry pectinolytic enzyme pathogenicity |
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