| 不同有机肥部分替代化肥对河西绿洲制种玉米生长动态和籽粒产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐兆廷,芦倩,吴彦霖,张恒嘉,肖让,邓浩亮,李福强,王泽义.不同有机肥部分替代化肥对河西绿洲制种玉米生长动态和籽粒产量的影响[J].农业工程,2021,11(8):129-134. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐兆廷 芦倩 吴彦霖 张恒嘉 肖让 邓浩亮 李福强 王泽义 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院，甘肃 兰州730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 甘肃省重点研发计划项目（18YFINA073）；张掖市甘州区旱作农业节水技术推广与耕地质量提升技术研究（H2018005）；张掖市甘州区耕地质量提升与化肥减量增效技术研究（H2019009）；甘州区玉米制种绿色高质高效关键技术研究（H2019033）；河西绿洲灌区玉米制种水肥高效利用与连作土壤障碍治理技术研究（H2020024） |
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| 摘 要： | 为揭示不同商品有机肥与化肥不同配比对制种玉米株高、茎粗、叶面积、干物质及产量的影响，在河西绿洲开展了制种玉米大田试验研究。试验设1个对照和6个处理，分别为CK（当地常规施肥）、T1（商品有机肥“星硕”2 500 kg/hm2+化肥减量20%）、T2（商品有机肥“星硕”2 500 kg/hm2+化肥减量40%）、T3（商品有机肥“丝路盛丰”2 500 kg/hm2+化肥减量20%）、T4（商品有机肥“丝路盛丰”2 500 kg/hm2+化肥减量40%）、T5（商品有机肥“三生元”2 500 kg/hm2+化肥减量20%）和T6（商品有机肥“三生元”2 500 kg/hm2+化肥减量40%）。结果表明，商品有机肥2 500 kg/hm2的情形下化肥减量20%处理可促进制种玉米生长发育和干物质积累，成熟期T1处理株高、茎粗、叶面积、干物质较CK分别显著增加4.38%、10.86%、10.85%、10.01%；T3、T5处理干物质较CK分别增加3.09%、3.53%；T1、T3处理玉米籽粒产量较CK显著增加11.25%、9.28%。因此，施用商品有机肥2 500 kg/hm2的情形下化肥减量20%的处理更有益于制种玉米的生长发育，可作为河西绿洲制种玉米培育中可行的有机肥配施方式。
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| 关 键 词： | 生长动态 籽粒产量 制种玉米 有机肥 化肥 干物质积累 河西绿洲 |
Effects of Partial Replacement of Chemical Fertilizers with Different Organic Fertilizers on Growth Dynamics and Grain Yield of Seed Corn in Hexi Oasis |
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| Abstract: | In order to reveal effects of different commercial organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers on the plant height，stem diameter，leaf area，dry matter and yield of seed production corn，a field test of seed production corn was carried out in Hexi Oasis.One control and six treatments were set up，namely CK（local conventional fertilization），T1（commercial organic fertilizer“Xingshuo”2 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer reduction 20%），T2（commercial organic fertilizer“Xingshuo”2 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer reduction by 40%），T3（commercial organic fertilizer“Silu Shengfeng”2 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer reduction by 20%），T4（commercial organic fertilizer“Silu Shengfeng”2 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer reduction by 40%），T5（commercial organic fertilizer“Sanshengyuan”2 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer reduction 20%）and T6（commercial organic fertilizer“Sanshengyuan”2 500 kg/hm2+chemical fertilizer reduction 40%）.Test results showed that under condition of 2 500 kg/hm2 of commercial organic fertilizer，treatment of reducing fertilizer by 20% could promote growth and development of seed production corn and dry matter accumulation.Plant height，stem diameter，leaf area and dry matter of T1 treatment at maturity stage increased significantly 4.38%，10.86%，10.85% and 10.01% compared with CK.Dry matter accumulation of T3 and T5 treatments increased by 3.09% and 3.53% compared with CK respectively.Corn grain yield of T1 and T3 treatments significantly increased by 11.25% and 9.28% compared with CK.Therefore，treatment of 20% reduction in chemical fertilizer under condition of applying commercial organic fertilizer 2 500 kg/hm2 was more beneficial to growth and development of seed production corn，and it could be used as feasible organic fertilizer combined application method in cultivation of seed corn production in Hexi Oasis. |
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