| 濒危植物黄檗的生存压力研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王泳腾,黄治昊,王俊,张童,郎立华,孙国明,崔国发.濒危植物黄檗的生存压力研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2021,43(1):49-57. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王泳腾 黄治昊 王俊 张童 郎立华 孙国明 崔国发 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院，北京 100083 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 从不同径级、地区和植被类型等3个方面探讨燕山地区野生黄檗个体的生存压力强度，为珍稀濒危物种的保护提供理论依据。 方法 采用典型抽样法设置25个面积为20 m × 20 m的样地，利用“一种珍稀濒危树种个体生存压力计算方法”分析野生黄檗个体所受的生存压力强度。 结果 研究结果表明:（1）本次调查到的黄檗共计140株并散生于8个自然保护区，其中在北京百花山国家级自然保护区密度最大，在河北大海陀国家级自然保护区最小，分别为5.63株/m2和1.25株/m2；（2）燕山地区小树阶段（第Ⅰ ~ Ⅲ径级）的黄檗数量最多，并且受到的种内及种间生存压力最大，分别为13.897和48.135，随着胸径的增大，生存压力变小；（3）黄檗种群在河北雾灵山国家级自然保护区受到的生存压力最大，在河北茅荆坝国家级自然保护区最小，分别为30.363和1.763；（4）黄檗种群在紫椴林、胡桃楸林和黄檗油松混交林中受到的生存压力较大，在大果榆林和大果榆?蒙古栎?花曲柳混交林中较小。 结论 燕山地区黄檗的生存压力主要来自于种间，因此需要对一些距离较近的以及具有较强竞争力的高大乔木，如油松和胡桃楸进行修枝或者择伐，减缓黄檗的竞争压力，促进黄檗天然林的更新。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄檗 生存压力 植被类型 竞争指数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-05 |
Survival pressure of endangered species Phellodendron amurense |
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| Wang Yongteng,Huang Zhihao,Wang Jun,Zhang Tong,Lang Lihua,Sun Guoming,Cui Guofa.Survival pressure of endangered species Phellodendron amurense[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2021,43(1):49-57. |
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| Authors: | Wang Yongteng Huang Zhihao Wang Jun Zhang Tong Lang Lihua Sun Guoming Cui Guofa |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2.Administration of Liaoning Bailangshan National Natural Reserve, Huludao 125300, Liaoning, China3.Administration of Tianjin Baxianshan National Natural Reserve, Tianjin 301941, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective]Based on the study on the survival pressure intensity of wild Phellodendron amurense in Yanshan Mountains from the aspects of diameter scale,area and vegetation type,a theoretical basis was provided for the protection of rare and endangered species.Method]Twenty-five 20 m×20 m sample plots were set by the method of typical sampling,and the survival pressure intensity of the wild Phellodendron amurense was analyzed through an individual survival pressure calculating method for rare and endangered tree species.Result](1)A total of 140 Phellodendron amurense pants were found in this study,scattered in 8 natural reserves,and had the highest density in Beijing Baihuashan National Nature Reserve,the lowest in Hebei Dahaituo National Nature Reserve,with the density of 5.63 plant/m2 and 1.25 plant/m2,respectively;(2)the number of Phellodendron amurense in the small tree stage(I-III diameter scales) was the largest in Yanshan area, with the intraspecific and interspecific competition indicesmaximally being 13.897 and 48.135, respectively. However, with the increase of DBH, the survival pressuredecreased;(3) the highest survival pressure occurred in Hebei Wulingshan National Natural Reserve and thelowest in Hebei Maojingba National Natural Reserve, with the survival pressure of 30.363 and 1.763,respectively;(4) the population of Phellodendron amurense bore a comparably higher survival pressure inTilia amurensis forest, Juglans mandshurica forest and Phellodendron amurense-Pinus tabuliformis mixedforest, and a lower survival pressure in Ulmus macrocarpa forest, Ulmus macrocarpa-Quercus mongolica-Fraxinus rhynchophylla mixed forest. Conclusion] Interspecific survival pressure plays a major role in thewhole population of Phellodendron amurense in Yanshan area. Therefore, it is necessary to prune orselectively cut some tall trees closing to each other and having strong competitiveness, such as Pinustabuliformis and Juglans mandshurica, in order to reduce the competitive pressure of Phellodendronamurense and promote the regeneration of the natural forest. |
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| Keywords: | Phellodendron amurense survival pressure vegetation type competitive index |
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