Flexibility analysis of irrigation outlet structures using simulation of irrigation canal hydrodynamic model |
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| Authors: | Javaid A Tariq Muhammad Latif |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Water Management, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan;(2) Center of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, G. T. Road, Lahore, 54890, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | The Upper Swat Canal (USC) System became operational in 1917–1918 in North West Frontier Province (NWFP) of Pakistan. The
rehabilitation and modernization of the USC was undertaken with a view to overcoming the shortage of water supplies for irrigation.
The water allowance was enhanced from 0.39 to 0.77 Ls−1 ha−1 in the study area. Recently, the operation and management of a secondary canal or ‘distributary’ was transferred to the Farmers
Organization (FO). This distributary named ‘Chowki’ offtakes from the Maira Branch of the USC. The cultivable command area
(CCA) of this distributary is 4,306 ha and it serves 1,485 beneficiaries. A management committee on Chowki Distributary was
formed in 2003. This distributary consists of one main and two minor channels having twenty-eight direct outlets. The Simulation
of Irrigation Canal (SIC) hydrodynamic model was used to evaluate the flexibility of Chowki Distributary. The model was calibrated
at 100, 80 and 70% of the design discharge (Q
d) and it was validated at 90, 85 and 60% of the design discharge. The observed and simulated water levels were in close agreement
with each other for the calibration and validation periods. The statistical analysis and paired t-test indicate that the model results are not statistically different from the measured values at 1% significance level. The
simulated results of the SIC model were applied to studying flexibility of the outlet structures along the Chowki Distributary.
The flexibility analysis demonstrates that poor performance is inbuilt into the system due to inadequate control over the
accuracy of the crest setting during the construction of the outlets. |
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