| 气象因子对秦岭大熊猫季节性垂直迁徙等活动的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 党超琪,赵凯辉,刘新玉.气象因子对秦岭大熊猫季节性垂直迁徙等活动的影响[J].陕西林业科技,2019(3):1-5,13. |
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| 作者姓名： | 党超琪 赵凯辉 刘新玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 陕西省气象服务中心;陕西佛坪国家级自然保护区 |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西省气象局青年科研基金项目“气象因子对秦岭大熊猫垂直迁徙规律影响研究”(2017Y-10) |
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| 摘 要： | 大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)是我国独有的珍稀濒危物种,其因适应竹子资源的季节变化而进行垂直迁徙,关于其迁徙模式和影响迁徙的因子目前还不甚明确。为了探究影响大熊猫垂直迁徙的因子,于2013年10月至2014年9月,在陕西省佛坪国家级自然保护区三官庙设立了9条样线,共布设52台红外相机对大熊猫的垂直迁徙时间进行研究;同时,结合气象监测数据探究气温、降雨量、湿度和积雪覆盖等因子对大熊猫迁徙活动的影响。研究结果表明,大熊猫垂直空间分布季节性差异明显,7月主要在高海拔秦岭箭竹分布区活动,而2月则主要在低海拔巴山木竹分布区活动。大熊猫从冬居地向夏居地迁徙迅速,仅1~3d即可完成,而从夏居地向冬居地迁徙经历时间较长。气温、积雪覆盖、湿度和降雨量等因素都会对大熊猫的迁徙活动产生影响,大熊猫喜欢选择在“最适温度”区域活动,当高海拔区域出现积雪覆盖时,就会迁徙到低海拔活动。湿度和降雨量主要通过控制竹子发笋和生长来影响大熊猫的迁徙。研究证实了大熊猫的垂直迁徙现象,并获得了关于大熊猫迁徙模式和影响因子相关的较为详细的基础数据,为野生大熊猫的保护提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 大熊猫 季节性迁徙 红外相机技术 温度 积雪覆盖 |
The Influence of Meteorological Factors on the Seasonal Vertical Migration of Giant Pandas |
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| DANG Chao-qi,ZHAO Kai-hui,LIU Xin-yu.The Influence of Meteorological Factors on the Seasonal Vertical Migration of Giant Pandas[J].Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology,2019(3):1-5,13. |
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| Authors: | DANG Chao-qi ZHAO Kai-hui LIU Xin-yu |
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| Institution: | (Shaanxi Meteorological Service Center,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710014;Foping National Nature Reserve,Foping,Shaanxi 723400) |
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| Abstract: | As an endangered species, giant pandas ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca ) had seasonal vertical migration to adapt to the seasonal changes of bamboo resources in filed. However, the pattern of the seasonal vertical migration and factors affecting the migration are not clear at present. From October 2013 to September 2014, 52 infrared camera traps on 9 line transects were set up to study the seasonal vertical migration of the giant pandas in Foping Nature Reserve, Shaanxi Province. At the same time, meteorological monitoring data was collected to explore the impact of climate factors such as temperature, rainfall, humidity and snow cover on giant panda migration. The results showed that giant panda has seasonal distribution, with most activity at high altitudes with arrow bamboo in July while most individuals are distributed in areas of wood bamboos at low altitudes in February. The migration of giant pandas from winter habitat to summer habitat is rapid, which can be completed in only 1~3 days. However, it will took a long time to migrate from summer habitat to winter habitat. Temperature, snow cover, humidity and rainfall will affect the migration of the giant pandas. Giant panda will choose the most suitable temperature and will migrate to the low altitude when snow covers in high altitude area. Humidity and rainfall affect giant panda migration through controlling the development of bamboo shoots. Our study confirmed that the vertical migration of giant pandas, and obtained a large number of detailed data about the migration pattern of giant pandas, providing a theoretical basis for the protection of wild giant pandas. |
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| Keywords: | Ailuropoda melanoleuca seasonal migration camera trap temperature snow cover |
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