| 半干旱区不同秋覆盖方式对农田土壤水温效应及玉米水分利用效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 牟鸿燕,黄方圆,张超,贾志宽,杨宝平,丁瑞霞.半干旱区不同秋覆盖方式对农田土壤水温效应及玉米水分利用效率的影响[J].玉米科学,2018,26(6):86-93. |
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| 作者姓名： | 牟鸿燕 黄方圆 张超 贾志宽 杨宝平 丁瑞霞 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国旱区节水农业研究院/农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,中国旱区节水农业研究院/农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,中国旱区节水农业研究院/农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,中国旱区节水农业研究院/农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,中国旱区节水农业研究院/农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100,中国旱区节水农业研究院/农业部西北黄土高原作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100 |
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| 基金项目： | “十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题（2012BAD09B03，2015BAD02）、“十二五”“863”课题（2013AA102902）、“十二五”公益性行业项目（201303104）、陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目（2014KTZB02-03-02） |
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| 摘 要： | 2013～2015年在黄土高原半干旱区以传统平作不覆盖为对照(CK)、地膜全覆盖(PA)、可降解膜全覆盖(BA)、玉米秸秆全覆盖(SA)和沟垄集雨半膜覆盖(RH)4种覆盖方式,研究不同秋季覆盖方式的土壤水分保蓄效果及对春玉米生长的影响。结果表明,在冬春休闲期,PA、BA、SA、RH处理均能有效提高播种前土壤水分,SA和RH处理在整个生育期土壤蓄水量显著高于CK,PA和BA处理仅在生育前期有较高的土壤水分;PA、BA和RH处理均有增温效果。不同处理中,PA处理产量最高,2年平均较CK提高58.17%,RH与BA处理分别较CK提高34.16%和27.05%,SA处理低于CK;水分利用效率与产量规律一致,PA、BA和RH处理分别较CK提高36.89%、14.34%和29.51%。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 秋覆盖 产量 水分利用效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/2/27 0:00:00 |
Effects of Different Mulching Patterns in Autumn on Aoil Water, Soil Temperature and Water Use Efficiency in the Semi-arid Areas of Northwest China |
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| MOU Hong-yan,HUANG Fang-yuan,JIA Zhi-kuan,YANG Bao-ping and DING Rui-xia.Effects of Different Mulching Patterns in Autumn on Aoil Water, Soil Temperature and Water Use Efficiency in the Semi-arid Areas of Northwest China[J].Journal of Maize Sciences,2018,26(6):86-93. |
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| Authors: | MOU Hong-yan HUANG Fang-yuan JIA Zhi-kuan YANG Bao-ping and DING Rui-xia |
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| Institution: | Chinese Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture Research in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China,Chinese Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture Research in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China,Chinese Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture Research in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China,Chinese Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture Research in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China,Chinese Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture Research in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China and Chinese Institute of Water-Saving Agriculture Research in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Minister of Agriculture/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China |
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| Abstract: | From 2013 to 2015, we conducted a field experiment in the semi-arid areas of Northwest China to determine the effects of different mulching patterns on the capacity of soil water-holding and spring maize growth. Five treatments were included, flat planting without mulching(CK); plastic film mulching during the whole season from previous autumn(PA); degradable film mulching during the whole season from previous autumn(BA); corn straw mulching during the whole season(SA); alternating ridges and furrows with the ridges mulched with plastic film during the whole season(RH). The results showed that during the fallow period of winter, the four mulching patterns, PA, BA, SA, RH, were all benefit for the soil water storage compared with CK, and SA and RH functioned during the whole growth season, while PA and BA worked well only at the early growth stage. The mean soil temperature(5-25 cm) under PA, BA and RH treatments were all higher than that of CK. In addition, PA, RH, and BA resulted in relatively higher maize yield and higher water use efficiency throughout the whole experimental period. Compared with CK, the PA, RH, and BA treatments increased the two-year mean maize yield by 58.17, 34.16, and 27.05%, respectively, and improved the water use efficiency by 36.8, 14.34, and 29.51%, respectively. |
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| Keywords: | Maize Mulching Yield Water use efficiency |
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